【摘要】：體面勞動致力于讓勞動者在自由、平等、安全和有人格尊嚴的條件下獲得體面的、生產(chǎn)性的工作。婦女勞動者作為當前勞動力市場中不可或缺的一部分,其體面勞動的實現(xiàn)與否,直接影響著整個勞動力市場的穩(wěn)定發(fā)展與和諧勞動關系的構建,所以對于保障婦女勞動者實現(xiàn)體面勞動,我們應給予密切關注和高度重視,保障婦女這一弱勢群體實現(xiàn)體面勞動,已然成為一個全球性問題。伴隨著我國勞動力市場的供大于求,競爭也越來越激烈,婦女勞動者在自身生理特征限制下所面臨的就業(yè)形勢日益嚴峻,加之就業(yè)過程中存在的性別歧視、同工不同酬、特殊保護不到位、性騷擾等現(xiàn)象也使婦女勞動者在競爭中處于非常不利的地位。因此,以體面勞動的標準去建立和完善我國婦女勞動權益保障制度體系就顯得迫在眉睫,其中法律保障是實現(xiàn)婦女體面勞動的重要一環(huán)。故此,筆者依據(jù)體面勞動的概念、衡量標準,對我國婦女體面勞動權益保護的現(xiàn)狀以及其他代表性國家和地區(qū)相關立法進行了比較分析,指出我國現(xiàn)行法律制度在保障婦女體面勞動方面存在的諸多不足,進而在借鑒英美、德國、日本以及我國香港和臺灣地區(qū)在保護婦女勞動權益經(jīng)驗的基礎上,提出了完善我國婦女體面勞動法律保障制度的建議。本文主要分為五個部分,第一部分先從體面勞動的概念和內(nèi)涵入手,分析了體面勞動的四大基本衡量指標,進而探討了我國實現(xiàn)婦女體面勞動的特殊要求及其現(xiàn)實必要性。第二部分比較研究了一些代表性國家和地區(qū)婦女體面勞動權益保障相關立法現(xiàn)狀,從中總結出一些對我國有益的經(jīng)驗;第三部分依據(jù)體面勞動的基本衡量指標,對我國婦女體面勞動權益保障現(xiàn)狀進行了剖析;第四部分重點從法律制度保障層面上分析了我國婦女體面勞動存在的問題,包括立法觀念的偏倚及滯后;現(xiàn)行法律法規(guī)中很多規(guī)定過于原則化,不便于實踐操作,立法空白較多;現(xiàn)有立法層級較低,責任追究機制弱,司法程序比較復雜,維權成本過高等問題。第五部分主要從提高我國婦女勞動權益保障相關的立法理念和立法層次;完善現(xiàn)有法律法規(guī),彌補相關針對性法律及配套機制的空白,健全相應的法律責任追究機制,明確執(zhí)法主體,優(yōu)化勞動爭議處理制度幾個層面提出了自己在完善我國婦女體面勞動權益保障法律制度方面的思考。
[Abstract]:Decent work is committed to providing workers with decent, productive work in conditions of freedom, equality, security and human dignity. As an indispensable part of the current labor market, the realization of women's decent work has a direct impact on the stable development of the whole labor market and the construction of harmonious labor relations. Therefore, we should pay close attention and attach great importance to ensuring that women workers realize decent work, and ensure that women as a vulnerable group realize decent work, which has become a global problem. With the oversupply of labor market in our country, the competition is becoming more and more intense. The employment situation that women workers face under the restriction of their own physiological characteristics is becoming more and more serious. In addition, there is gender discrimination in the process of employment, and different pay for equal work. Lack of special protection, sexual harassment and other phenomena also make women workers in a very disadvantaged position in the competition. Therefore, it is urgent to establish and perfect the system of guaranteeing the rights and interests of women in our country according to the standard of decent work, among which the legal protection is an important part of the realization of women's decent work. Therefore, according to the concept of decent work, the author makes a comparative analysis of the status quo of the protection of women's decent work rights and interests and the relevant legislation of other representative countries and regions. It points out that the current legal system of our country has many shortcomings in protecting women's decent work, and then on the basis of learning from the experiences of Britain and America, Germany, Japan, Hong Kong and Taiwan in protecting women's labor rights and interests, Some suggestions are put forward to perfect the legal guarantee system of decent work for women in our country. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part begins with the concept and connotation of decent work, analyzes the four basic indicators of decent work, and then discusses the special requirements and practical necessity of realizing decent work for women in China. The second part of the comparative study of some representative countries and regions on the protection of women's decent work rights and interests of the relevant legislative situation, summed up some beneficial experience for our country; The third part, according to the basic measurement index of decent work, analyzes the present situation of the protection of women's decent work rights and interests in our country; The fourth part focuses on the legal system from the level of protection of women decent work in China's problems, including the legislative concept of bias and lag; Many provisions in the current laws and regulations are too principled, not easy to operate in practice, and there are more legislative gaps; the existing legislative level is lower, the accountability mechanism is weak, the judicial process is more complex, and the cost of safeguarding rights is too high. The fifth part mainly from the raise our country woman labor rights and interests safeguard related legislation idea and the legislation level; Improve existing laws and regulations, fill in gaps in relevant targeted laws and supporting mechanisms, improve the corresponding mechanisms for investigating legal responsibility, and clarify the subject of law enforcement, The author puts forward some thoughts on how to perfect the legal system of protecting the rights and interests of women decent work in our country from several aspects of optimizing the labor dispute handling system.
【學位授予單位】：西北政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D922.5;D669.68

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