本文選題：集體合同主體 + 工會(huì)��； 參考：《華東政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：集體合同制度是西方解決勞資矛盾、化解產(chǎn)業(yè)沖突的勞動(dòng)關(guān)系工具箱中最為主要和直接的工具之一。工會(huì)代表勞動(dòng)者與雇主或雇主組織簽訂集體合同是市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)國(guó)家調(diào)整勞動(dòng)關(guān)系的主要手段，它在調(diào)節(jié)勞動(dòng)者與雇主之間內(nèi)在的不平衡，改變勞動(dòng)者的弱勢(shì)地位，促進(jìn)職工民主參與的實(shí)現(xiàn)，建設(shè)和諧穩(wěn)定的勞動(dòng)關(guān)系等方面起著非常重要的作用。在許多國(guó)家，集體合同在維護(hù)勞動(dòng)者的權(quán)益方面經(jīng)常發(fā)揮著比個(gè)人勞動(dòng)合同更加重要的作用。 我國(guó)自1994年《中華人民共和國(guó)勞動(dòng)法》標(biāo)志建立平等協(xié)商和集體合同制度以來，至今已經(jīng)二十個(gè)年頭。以2010年本田罷工事件為標(biāo)志，我國(guó)勞動(dòng)關(guān)系調(diào)整的重點(diǎn)正從個(gè)別勞動(dòng)關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)向集體勞動(dòng)關(guān)系�？疾煳覈�(guó)集體合同制度的實(shí)施狀況，一方面，每年我國(guó)簽訂集體合同的數(shù)量超過百萬，但是因?yàn)楹炗喕蚵男屑w合同而引發(fā)的爭(zhēng)議卻極為罕見；另一方面，近年來以罷工為表現(xiàn)形式的群體性爭(zhēng)議層出不窮，卻沒有一件與集體合同的簽訂或履行有關(guān)。同時(shí)，在大多群體性事件中，都是勞動(dòng)者自發(fā)組織的，工會(huì)完全沒有發(fā)揮作用，有的工會(huì)甚至幫助企業(yè)說服職工妥協(xié)、復(fù)工。這些現(xiàn)象都是與集體合同制度的設(shè)計(jì)初衷背道而馳的。 集體合同制度的順利發(fā)展，首先要解決的是集體合同主體相關(guān)問題。實(shí)踐中存在種種問題，與集體合同主體相關(guān)理論存在爭(zhēng)議有著密切的關(guān)系。本文將對(duì)集體合同主體的相關(guān)問題進(jìn)行研究。 在文章第一部分，筆者主要對(duì)相關(guān)概念進(jìn)行了辨析。在文章第二部分，通過分析集體合同勞動(dòng)者一方當(dāng)事人的理論爭(zhēng)鳴，確定我國(guó)集體合同當(dāng)事人是工會(huì)，進(jìn)而分析工會(huì)與勞動(dòng)者之間的關(guān)系。厘清集體合同制度中的當(dāng)事人問題，可以促使用人單位和工會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)到自己在集體合同中的法律地位，積極行使集體合同當(dāng)事人的權(quán)利義務(wù)，使集體合同制度發(fā)揮切實(shí)的作用。文章的第三部分主要研究的是當(dāng)事人在集體合同中的締約能力和締約權(quán)限。在工會(huì)的締約能力方面，主要介紹集體合同制度較發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家對(duì)工會(huì)法律資格、工會(huì)代表權(quán)的取得和行使。在工會(huì)的締約權(quán)限方面，主要介紹在其他國(guó)家和地區(qū)工會(huì)可以與雇主協(xié)商何種議題。在雇主方面，主要介紹了西方國(guó)家的雇主組織和行業(yè)集體合同的簽訂。最后，在吸收并借鑒西方國(guó)家集體合同制度相關(guān)立法經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，本文最后一部分對(duì)完善我國(guó)集體合同主體制度進(jìn)行了一些思考。一方面，工會(huì)自身應(yīng)當(dāng)正確定位、明確職能，保持獨(dú)立性，維護(hù)職工權(quán)益。在集體合同簽訂過程中加強(qiáng)工會(huì)對(duì)勞動(dòng)者的代表性。另一方面，從外部除了明確工會(huì)的集體合同當(dāng)事人地位外，還應(yīng)當(dāng)立法規(guī)定工會(huì)的法律責(zé)任，賦予工會(huì)罷工權(quán)和和平義務(wù)，以保障工會(huì)代表權(quán)的行使。同時(shí)，我國(guó)應(yīng)大力推進(jìn)業(yè)性、區(qū)域性集體合同制度的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Collective contract system is one of the most important and direct tools in labor relations toolbox to resolve labor conflicts and industrial conflicts in the West. The signing of collective contracts between labor unions on behalf of workers and employers or employers' organizations is the main means of adjusting labor relations in market economy countries. It regulates the inherent imbalance between workers and employers and changes the weak position of workers. Promoting the realization of workers' democratic participation and building harmonious and stable labor relations play a very important role. In many countries, collective contracts often play a more important role than individual labor contracts in safeguarding workers' rights and interests. China's Labor Law of the people's Republic of China in 1994 marked the establishment of equal consultation and collective contract system, so far has been 20 years. With the Honda strike in 2010 as the symbol, the emphasis of the adjustment of labor relations in China is changing from individual labor relations to collective labor relations. To investigate the implementation of the collective contract system in China, on the one hand, the number of collective contracts signed each year in China exceeds one million, but disputes arising from the signing or performance of collective contracts are extremely rare; on the other hand, In recent years, there are endless group disputes in the form of strike, but none of them is related to the signing or performing of collective contract. At the same time, in most mass incidents, workers spontaneously organize, trade unions have no effect at all, some trade unions even help enterprises persuade workers to compromise and resume work. These phenomena are contrary to the design intention of collective contract system. With the smooth development of the collective contract system, the first thing to be solved is the related problems of the collective contract subject. There are various problems in practice, which are closely related to the theory of collective contract. This article will carry on the research to the collective contract main body related question. In the first part of the article, the author mainly analyzes the related concepts. In the second part of the article, by analyzing the theoretical contention of one party to the collective contract, the author determines that the party to the collective contract is a trade union, and then analyzes the relationship between the trade union and the laborer. To clarify the problems of the parties in the collective contract system can promote the employers and trade unions to realize their legal status in the collective contract, to actively exercise the rights and obligations of the parties to the collective contract, and to make the collective contract system play a practical role. The third part mainly studies the contracting ability and competence of the parties in the collective contract. In terms of the contracting ability of the trade union, the paper mainly introduces the legal qualification of the trade union and the obtaining and exercising of the representation of the trade union in the system of collective contract compared with the developed countries. In terms of the contracting rights of trade unions, it mainly introduces the topics that trade unions in other countries and regions can negotiate with employers. In terms of employers, it mainly introduces the signing of employers' organizations and industry collective contracts in western countries. Finally, on the basis of absorbing and drawing lessons from the relevant legislative experience of the collective contract system in western countries, the last part of this paper makes some reflections on the improvement of the subject system of collective contract in our country. On the one hand, trade unions themselves should be correctly positioned, clear functions, maintain independence, and safeguard the rights and interests of workers. In the collective contract signing process to strengthen the trade union to the laborer's representativeness. On the other hand, in addition to clarifying the party status of the collective contract of the trade union from the outside, we should also legislate the legal responsibility of the trade union, endow the trade union with the right to strike and the duty of peace, so as to guarantee the exercise of the trade union's representation. At the same time, our country should vigorously promote the development of regional collective contract system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D922.5

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本文編號(hào)：1936355