本文選題：大學(xué)競技體育 + 發(fā)展�。� 參考：《北京體育大學(xué)》2010年博士論文

【摘要】：本研究運用文獻(xiàn)分析、問卷調(diào)查、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計、訪談法、以及實地考察對美國大學(xué)競技體育的發(fā)展和治理進行系統(tǒng)研究,確定NCAA非營利組織的性質(zhì),利用非營利組織治理相關(guān)理論對NCAA治理、美國民眾的認(rèn)識以及改革議題進行深入研究,以更客觀、全面解治理得失,借鑒發(fā)展經(jīng)驗。研究結(jié)論如下： 1.對美國大學(xué)競技體育發(fā)展進行系統(tǒng)梳理。確定NCAA在美國大學(xué)競技體育中所處的歷史階段：NCAA在美國大學(xué)競技體育有序發(fā)展階段出現(xiàn)；美國大學(xué)競技體育發(fā)展特點：NCAA成立前美國大學(xué)競技體育初步確立業(yè)余性發(fā)展理念以及主要參與者、受同時期美國競技體育的影響自覺的選擇商業(yè)化運作、NCAA成立后商業(yè)化得到持續(xù)的發(fā)展；NCAA成立后組織機構(gòu)、規(guī)章制度逐漸完善。 2.NCAA的組織性質(zhì)。首先,NCAA具有非營利性組織具有的特征：堅持非營利性；公益性；非政府性；自治性；其次,NCAA在美國勞動法、稅法和反壟斷法中都享受非營利組織同樣的法律地位；再次,NCAA部分組別表現(xiàn)出“卡特爾”組織的性質(zhì)；此外,還探究NCAA的積極影響以及NCAA和其他組織的關(guān)系。 3.NCAA治理機制。研究NCAA的理事會制度、資源運行機制、監(jiān)督機制、激勵與約束機制、信息披露機制運行機理,根據(jù)非營利組織善治理論指出其運行機制缺陷。 4.美國民眾對NCAA的認(rèn)識 5.改革議題研究。通過對改革歷程、改革涉及到的領(lǐng)域、主要推動力量、涉及到的主要議題、主要目的、以及當(dāng)前面臨的改革壓力等方面的研究,總結(jié)出美國大學(xué)競技體育治理經(jīng)驗：完善監(jiān)督機制、約束機制；堅持教育功能為核心宗旨；保持大學(xué)競技體育的業(yè)余性；嚴(yán)格控制內(nèi)部人獲利問題；堅持教育獨立；健全信息披露機制；明確非營利組織法律地位；嚴(yán)格管理違規(guī)和非道德事件。 6..我國大學(xué)競技體育亟待解決的問題：價值定位不當(dāng)；賽事名稱不統(tǒng)一；運行資本來源方式單一,商業(yè)化運作水平低；教育難保獨立,受政府和競技體育影響巨大。對策：確定大學(xué)競技體育教育功能定位；構(gòu)建有效的管理體制,厘清和政府、教育、競技體育管理部門的關(guān)系；統(tǒng)一賽事名稱；嚴(yán)肅業(yè)余性；鼓勵學(xué)校加大財政投入；培育我國的大學(xué)的支持組織；多渠道募集社會資本,進行積極的商業(yè)化運作；促使大學(xué)校管理者和老師參與。
[Abstract]:This study uses literature analysis, questionnaire survey, mathematical statistics, interviews, and field visits to systematically study the development and governance of competitive sports in American universities, and determines the nature of NCAA non-profit organizations. This paper makes a deep study of NCAA governance, American people's understanding and reform issues with the relevant theories of non-profit organization governance, in order to understand the gains and losses of governance in a more objective and comprehensive way, and to learn from the development experience. The conclusions of the study are as follows: 1. This paper systematically combs the development of competitive sports in American universities. It is determined that the historical stage of NCAA in the competitive sports of American universities is the emergence of the stage of orderly development of competitive sports in American universities. The characteristics of the development of competitive sports in American universities before the establishment of the 10% NCAA, the concept of amateur development and the main participants in the development of competitive sports in American universities were preliminarily established. Under the influence of American competitive Sports in the same period, the commercial operation of NCAA has been developed continuously after the establishment of NCAA, and the rules and regulations of NCAA have been gradually improved after the establishment of NCAA. The organizational properties of 2.NCAA. First of all, NCAA has the characteristics of non-profit organizations: insisting on non-profit; public welfare; non-governmental; autonomy; secondly, NCAA enjoys the same legal status in American labor law, tax law and anti-monopoly law; Again, some groups of NCAA show the nature of "cartel" organizations; in addition, it explores the positive impact of NCAA and the relationship between NCAA and other organizations. 3.NCAA governance mechanism. This paper studies the governing system, the mechanism of resource operation, the mechanism of supervision, the mechanism of incentive and restriction, the mechanism of information disclosure, and points out the defects of the mechanism according to the theory of good governance of non-profit organization. 4. American people's understanding of NCAA 5. Research on reform issues Through the research on the course of the reform, the areas involved in the reform, the main driving force, the main issues involved, the main purpose, and the pressure of the reform, etc., Summing up the experience of governing competitive sports in American universities: perfecting the supervision mechanism, restricting mechanism, insisting on the function of education as the core purpose, keeping the amateur nature of university competitive sports, strictly controlling the profit of the insiders, insisting on the independence of education; Perfect the mechanism of information disclosure; clarify the legal status of non-profit organizations; strictly manage violations and non-moral events. 6.. The problems that need to be solved urgently are: improper positioning of value, disunity of the title of the competition, single source of operating capital, low level of commercial operation, difficulty in ensuring independence of education, and great influence by the government and competitive sports. Countermeasures: to determine the functional orientation of university competitive sports education; to establish an effective management system to clarify the relationship with the government, education and sports management departments; to unify the title of sports events; to be serious; to encourage schools to increase financial input; To foster the support organizations of universities in our country; to raise social capital through multiple channels to carry out active commercial operation; to promote the participation of university administrators and teachers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：G807.4

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本文編號：1931954