本文選題：惡意欠薪罪　切入點：構(gòu)成　出處：《華東政法大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：刑法生效后,歷經(jīng)八次修改,每一次都反映了社會基本現(xiàn)實及國家的刑事政策走向。今年全國人大常委會通過了《刑法修正案(八)》,其第41條規(guī)定了惡意欠薪罪。這是一個雖新又不新的條款,之前很多學(xué)者曾提出過對欠薪行為犯罪化與非犯罪化的諸多辨析,將其犯罪化說明社會亟需這一新罪來提高警示�！扒沸健毙袨樵趪獾牧⒎ɡ⒉欢嘁�,很多人對這一行為犯罪化仍持質(zhì)疑態(tài)度。 本文主體部分共分為四個部分: 第一部分是對“欠薪”部門法的解讀�！秳趧臃ā芬�(guī)定拖欠工資是對勞動者合法權(quán)益的侵害,一旦受到侵害,可以通過勞動行政部門、民事訴訟等途徑解決,但效果不佳。欠薪屬于《民法》中的債權(quán)債務(wù)關(guān)系,解決途徑仍舊走著《勞動法》的老路。這一切使得欠薪行為的犯罪化成為必然,并且這種犯罪化順應(yīng)了時代的要求。 第二部分是探討惡意欠薪罪的構(gòu)成特征。本罪的犯罪客體是單一客體,即公民的財產(chǎn)權(quán)利�？陀^方面表現(xiàn)為以轉(zhuǎn)移財產(chǎn)、逃匿等方法逃避支付勞動者的勞動報酬或者有能力支付而不支付勞動者的勞動報酬,數(shù)額較大,且經(jīng)政府有關(guān)部門責(zé)令支付仍不支付的行為。犯罪主體是特殊主體,即具有支付勞動報酬義務(wù)的自然人和單位。犯罪主觀方面表現(xiàn)為直接故意。 第三部分是探討惡意欠薪罪的認定。此部分探討如下問題:首先,本罪的“數(shù)額較大”應(yīng)以“行為人在實施犯罪時所規(guī)定的最低勞動報酬的幾倍”為標準,“造成嚴重后果”包括被害人人數(shù)眾多的,社會影響極度惡劣的;引發(fā)群體性討薪事件,嚴重擾亂社會秩序的;造成國家經(jīng)濟損失達到一定數(shù)額的;因不支付勞動報酬,致使被害人重傷、死亡或者造成其他嚴重后果的等四種情形。其次,本罪中的“等”字涵義為列舉未盡之意,其包含了暴力、脅迫、欺詐等行為方式�！敖�(jīng)政府有關(guān)部門責(zé)令支付仍不支付”是本罪的構(gòu)成要件內(nèi)容,“責(zé)令”應(yīng)出具具體的法律文書,此立法語句體現(xiàn)了“寬嚴相濟”刑事政策中的“寬”。再次,本罪為純正不作為犯罪,其存在犯罪未遂、中止等停止形態(tài)。最后討論了惡意欠薪罪與相關(guān)犯罪之間的界定。 第四部分是惡意欠薪罪爭議問題解決。其中針對舉證難問題,建議引入巨額財產(chǎn)來源不明罪的說明義務(wù)。關(guān)于被害人救濟,本文提出建立多方位的法律網(wǎng),發(fā)揮政府部門職能作用,齊抓共管搭建起惡意欠薪罪中被害人救濟的堅實城墻。
[Abstract]:After the criminal law came into effect, it has been amended eight times, each time reflecting the basic reality of society and the trend of the country's criminal policy.This year, the standing Committee of the National people's Congress passed the Criminal Law Amendment (8), article 41 of which provides for the crime of malice in payment of wages.This is a new and not new clause, before many scholars have proposed to criminalize and decriminalize the act of unpaid wages, the criminalization of the crime shows that the society needs this new crime to raise the warning.The practice of "unpaid wages" is rare in foreign legislations, and many people still question the criminalization of it.The main body of this paper is divided into four parts:The overdue salary belongs to the creditor's rights and debts in the Civil Law, and the way to solve it is still the same as the Labor Law.All this makes the crime of unpaid behavior inevitable, and this crime conforms to the requirements of the times.The second part is to explore the characteristics of malicious crime of wages.The object of the crime is a single object, that is, the property rights of citizens.The objective aspect is to avoid paying laborer's labor reward by means of transferring property, escaping hiding and so on, or having the ability to pay but not paying laborer's labor reward, the amount is large, and the behavior that is ordered by the relevant government department to pay still does not pay.The subject of crime is a special subject, that is, the natural person and unit who have the obligation to pay for labor.The subjective aspect of crime is direct intention.The third part is to explore the malicious crime of wages.This part discusses the following problems: first, the "large amount" of this crime should be based on the criterion of "several times the minimum remuneration for labor stipulated by the perpetrator in the commission of the crime", and "causing serious consequences", including the large number of victims,If the social impact is extremely bad, causing mass incidents of wage collection and seriously disrupting social order, causing the state economic losses to a certain amount, and causing serious injury to the victims because they do not pay the remuneration for their work,Four cases of death or other serious consequences.Secondly, the meaning of "etc" in this crime is enumerative meaning, including violence, coercion, fraud and so on.It is the essential element of this crime to "order the payment not to be paid" by the relevant government departments, and the "order" should issue a specific legal document. This legislative statement reflects the "leniency" in the criminal policy of "combining leniency with severity".Again, the crime is pure omission crime, its existence of attempted crime, suspension and other stop form.Finally, the definition between the crime of malicious wages and related crimes is discussed.The fourth part is the dispute settlement of the crime of malice in arrears of wages.Aiming at the problem of hard proof, it is suggested to introduce the explanation obligation of the crime of huge amount of property of unknown origin.With regard to victim relief, this paper puts forward the establishment of a multi-directional legal network to give play to the functions of government departments, and to build a solid wall of victim relief in the crime of maliciously unpaid wages.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D924.3

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 魯夢;拒不支付勞動報酬罪探析[D];湖南師范大學(xué);2012年

2 孟宇;欠薪保障法律制度研究[D];遼寧大學(xué);2012年

3 劉堯薰;論惡意欠薪罪的司法適用及其法律完善[D];安徽大學(xué);2012年

4 劉博洋;拒不支付勞動報酬罪案研究[D];黑龍江大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號：1715458