本文選題：大學(xué)生兼職　切入點(diǎn)：勞動者　出處：《華東政法大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的不斷深化，社會經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境的改變，現(xiàn)今全日制高校學(xué)生或出于增加收入的目的，或出于擴(kuò)展社會實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)的目的，抑或出于消磨時光的目的，高校學(xué)生放下書本，開始越來越多地參與社會實(shí)踐活動，加入到兼職打工的隊伍中。但是當(dāng)全日制高校學(xué)生在兼職打工作過程中，合法權(quán)益受到侵害，應(yīng)當(dāng)適用哪部法律對其進(jìn)行救濟(jì)，在我國理論界和實(shí)務(wù)界都存在比較大的爭議，理論界對于該問題，分為完全適用勞動法、部分適用勞動法以及不適用勞動法三種觀點(diǎn)。筆者通過分析國內(nèi)專家的不同觀點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為基于我國目前的法律法規(guī)，兼職大學(xué)生與用人單位建立的不是勞動關(guān)系而是民事雇傭關(guān)系。在分析我國兼職大學(xué)生是否被納入勞動法調(diào)整的時候，核心問題在于對“勞動者”資格的界定，進(jìn)而確認(rèn)是否建立勞動關(guān)系。筆者考察了國外對于“勞動者”概念的理論，分為由英美法系確立的“控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”和“經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)實(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”以及大陸法系國家普遍認(rèn)可的“從屬性”理論，包括“人身從屬性”、“經(jīng)濟(jì)從屬性”等。依據(jù)國外對于“勞動者”概念的界定，從應(yīng)然性角度分析，我國兼職大學(xué)生應(yīng)當(dāng)具有勞動者主體資格，與用人單位建立勞動關(guān)系。但是我國現(xiàn)實(shí)立法規(guī)定與國外法學(xué)理論的沖突，，促使筆者再次探究其原因。首先我國剛性的用工體制，決定了勞動者適用勞動法之全套規(guī)定，而我國現(xiàn)行的勞動用工備案制度、勞動者社會保險制度、最低工資制度，都不適用于兼職大學(xué)生，其次迫于我國高校畢業(yè)生日益嚴(yán)峻的就業(yè)壓力，國家倡導(dǎo)的職業(yè)見習(xí)制度，在暫時緩解高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)壓力的同時，將兼職大學(xué)生適用勞動法調(diào)整的可能性扼殺了。因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)具備勞動者主體資格的畢業(yè)生被納入就業(yè)范圍后，卻不受勞動法調(diào)整，無法依據(jù)最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)領(lǐng)取勞動報酬，見習(xí)單位不為其繳納法定社會保險等。因兼職大學(xué)生不受勞動法調(diào)整，但是作為社會弱勢群體的兼職大學(xué)生在權(quán)益受到損害時，需要法律的傾斜保護(hù)。所以筆者建議，可以教育部為主，聯(lián)合其他部委制定適用“兼職大學(xué)生”的管理方案。其中包括最高工時的限制、勞動保護(hù)、最低工資等內(nèi)容。對于兼職大學(xué)生權(quán)益保障，還包括了校方、團(tuán)委、學(xué)生會、工會等方面做出的貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the reform of the socialist market economy system and the change of the social and economic environment, nowadays full-time college students are either for the purpose of increasing their income, or for the purpose of expanding their social practical experience. Or, for the purpose of killing time, college students put down their books and begin to participate more and more in social practice, joining the ranks of part-time workers. But when full-time college students work part-time, If the legitimate rights and interests are infringed, which law should be applied to remedy it, there is a great dispute in the theoretical and practical circles of our country. By analyzing the different views of domestic experts, the author thinks that based on the current laws and regulations of our country, Part-time college students establish not labor relations but civil employment relations with employers. When analyzing whether part-time college students in our country are included in the adjustment of labor law, the core problem lies in the definition of "laborer" qualification. And then confirm whether to establish labor relations. The author examines the theories of the concept of "laborer" in foreign countries. It is divided into "control standard" and "economic reality standard" established by common law system and "subordinate attribute" theory generally accepted by civil law system countries. According to the definition of "laborer" in foreign countries and from the angle of necessity, part-time college students in our country should have the qualification of laborer. Establishing labor relations with employers. However, the conflict between China's actual legislation and foreign legal theories has prompted the author to explore its reasons again. Firstly, the rigid employment system in our country determines the full set of labor laws applicable to workers. However, the current employment filing system, the social insurance system and the minimum wage system are not applicable to part-time college students. Secondly, they are forced by the increasingly severe employment pressure of college graduates in China, and the vocational probation system advocated by the state. While temporarily alleviating the employment pressure of college graduates, the possibility of applying the adjustment of labor laws to part-time students is stifled. Because graduates who already have the qualification of working as the main body are not subject to the adjustment of the labor law after being brought into the scope of employment. Unable to receive labor remuneration according to the minimum wage standard, the trainee units do not pay legal social insurance for them, etc. Because part-time college students are not subject to the adjustment of labor law, but part-time college students as a vulnerable group of society are harmed when their rights and interests are damaged, The author suggests that the Ministry of Education should take the lead and work together with other ministries to formulate a management plan for "part-time college students." this includes restrictions on maximum working hours and labor protection. Minimum wage and other content. For part-time college students' rights and interests, including the school, league committee, student union and other aspects of the contribution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D922.5

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