本文選題：民間借貸 + 法律規(guī)制　； 參考：《上海大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：民間借貸的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與當(dāng)前法律制度的不足體現(xiàn)了我國民間借貸立法的必要性。然而，一部法律的制定不是一蹴而就的。目前我國民間借貸立法在理論和實踐方面均存在一定的困難。理論方面，當(dāng)前的法律存在著諸多缺陷，而立法模式的選擇、規(guī)制范圍的確定直接關(guān)系到民間借貸的立法效果。立法實踐中，民間借貸所提倡的利率市場化及企業(yè)間借貸都暫難實現(xiàn)。妥善的分析和解決好上述問題對民間借貸的立法問題研究具有非常重要的現(xiàn)實意義。 對于現(xiàn)實困境，可以分階段推進我國利率市場化改革，，按照目前我國的金融市場發(fā)展情況，對民間借貸采用最高利率限制；同時，進一步完善我國信貸政策，加大對中小企業(yè)的支持，為我國借貸市場提供一個良好的環(huán)境，減小企業(yè)融資壓力，避免企業(yè)間借貸風(fēng)險的發(fā)生，立法上建議有限制的允許企業(yè)間借貸；繼續(xù)推進溫州金融改革，提高改革的成效。 文章對我國民間借貸立法方面的建議主要包括三方面：首先，立法模式及規(guī)制路徑的科學(xué)性選擇。筆者認為，我國民間借貸法應(yīng)是由民間借貸基本法、相關(guān)主體法及其他部門法相結(jié)合的混合立法模式，一般性規(guī)制與專門規(guī)制相結(jié)合的重點規(guī)制路徑；其次，我國民間借貸長期缺乏原則性指導(dǎo)，因此我國民間借貸的立法應(yīng)樹立四個特殊原則：金融權(quán)利平等原則，該原則要求保障民間借貸與正規(guī)金融平等的地位，保障借貸主體擁有對等的權(quán)利義務(wù)；借貸雙方意思自治原則，該原則保證民間借貸的獨立性，減少公權(quán)力對其的限制，保證民間借貸雙方享有平等的地位；營利保護原則，該原則對商事借貸在法律上予以確認，對民間借貸參與主體的合法權(quán)益進行保護，允許從事民間借貸的營利行為；風(fēng)險控制原則，該原則要求民間借貸應(yīng)堅持內(nèi)部控制與外部監(jiān)管的風(fēng)險控制原則。最后，民間借貸立法要考慮現(xiàn)有法律的不足，通過立法來彌補這些不足。重點應(yīng)明確民間借貸主體的權(quán)利義務(wù)、建立政府與行業(yè)協(xié)會相結(jié)合的監(jiān)管體系、劃清民事與刑事責(zé)任界限及其他制度的建立和完善。
[Abstract]:The present situation of folk loan and the deficiency of current legal system reflect the necessity of our country's folk loan legislation. However, the formulation of a law is not done overnight. At present, there are some difficulties in both theory and practice. In theory, the current law has many defects, and the choice of legislative model and the determination of the scope of regulation are directly related to the legislative effect of folk lending. In legislative practice, interest rate marketization and inter-firm lending advocated by private lending are temporarily difficult to achieve. It is of great practical significance to properly analyze and solve the above problems for the study of the legislation of private lending. For the practical dilemma, we can push forward the reform of interest rate marketization in stages, according to the current situation of financial market development in our country. At the same time, we should further improve our country's credit policy, increase our support for small and medium-sized enterprises, provide a good environment for our lending market, and reduce the pressure on enterprises to raise funds. In order to avoid the risk of inter-firm lending, it is suggested in legislation to allow inter-firm lending to be restricted; to continue to promote financial reform in Wenzhou, and to improve the effectiveness of the reform. The proposals in this paper mainly include three aspects: first of all, The scientific choice of legislative model and regulation path. The author thinks that the folk loan law of our country should be a mixed legislative model which combines the basic law of folk loan and credit, the relevant subject law and other branch law, and the key regulation path of combining general regulation with special regulation. Secondly, For a long time, there is a lack of principled guidance for private lending in China. Therefore, the legislation of private lending in our country should establish four special principles: the principle of equal financial rights, which requires the guarantee of the equal status of private lending and formal finance. Guarantee the subject of lending has equal rights and obligations; the principle of autonomy of the meaning of both borrowers and borrowers, this principle guarantees the independence of private lending, reduces the restriction of public power, ensures that both parties enjoy equal status; the principle of profit protection, The principle recognizes commercial lending in law, protects the legitimate rights and interests of private loan participants, and allows commercial borrowing to be profit-making; the principle of risk control, This principle requires that private lending should adhere to the internal control and external supervision of risk control principles. Finally, the private lending legislation should consider the shortcomings of existing laws, through legislation to make up for these deficiencies. The emphasis should be on clarifying the rights and obligations of private borrowers, establishing a regulatory system that combines government and trade associations, and delimiting the boundaries of civil and criminal liability and the establishment and improvement of other systems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D922.28

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本文編號：2003797