本文選題：違法建設(shè) + 綜合治理　； 參考：《華南理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放三十多年以來(lái),我國(guó)的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速發(fā)展,人口的加速集聚,使得一大批特大城市不斷涌現(xiàn),在東部沿海地區(qū)尤為突出,創(chuàng)造了世界城市發(fā)展歷史上的偉大奇跡,城市及周邊地區(qū)土地的價(jià)值,也得到了數(shù)十倍甚至數(shù)百倍的增長(zhǎng),依靠土地和征地拆遷,一夜暴富的“神話(huà)”屢見(jiàn)不鮮,作為擁有土地使用權(quán)的城市“原住民”,許多人利用自身的智慧和辛勤勞動(dòng)獲得了財(cái)富,也有人利用土地“種房子”,通過(guò)違法建設(shè)謀取暴利。廣州市是省會(huì)城市,也是全國(guó)五大中心城市之一,在城建取得成就的同時(shí),建設(shè)領(lǐng)域違法的情形也愈發(fā)突出。在利益面前總會(huì)有人鋌而走險(xiǎn),在城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合部、城中村、高檔別墅區(qū)都可以發(fā)現(xiàn)不同程度的違法建設(shè)。目前,廣州市違法建設(shè)最為突出的就是類(lèi)型就是擅自改變房屋的結(jié)構(gòu)和外立面,產(chǎn)生的主要途徑:一種是以加建搶建的方式把“宅基地”房屋(小產(chǎn)權(quán)房屋)改造成出租屋或通過(guò)征地拆遷補(bǔ)償博取巨額的補(bǔ)償,如海珠區(qū)土華村、天河區(qū)石牌村等;另一種是私自改變房屋的用途或者外立面規(guī)劃。違法建設(shè)的存在成為了城市的“毒瘤”,許多違法建設(shè)導(dǎo)致了相關(guān)部門(mén)管理上的真空,成為違法犯罪活動(dòng)的場(chǎng)所,不法分子也以違法建設(shè)作為藏身之地或藏污納垢之所,引發(fā)了較多的社會(huì)管理問(wèn)題,作為查處城市違法建設(shè)的城管部門(mén)屢屢遭遇暴力抗法,違法建設(shè)拆而又建,成為了制約城市發(fā)展的“腸梗阻”,違法建設(shè)的治理也成為了廣州市各級(jí)政府城市管理工作的難點(diǎn)。本文將以全國(guó)五大中心城市之一的廣州市為切入點(diǎn),對(duì)該市的違法建設(shè)現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行深入分析,運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)分析、數(shù)據(jù)分析等方法進(jìn)行調(diào)查研究,通過(guò)博弈論、公共治理理論、馬斯洛需求理論等,分析市場(chǎng)需求對(duì)違法建設(shè)的影響,剖析違法建設(shè)形成的原因,查找違法建設(shè)治理過(guò)程中存在的問(wèn)題,揭示其對(duì)城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展和群眾生活產(chǎn)生的危害,結(jié)合近幾年廣州市政府治理違法建設(shè)的主要手段和取得的一些成效,找出現(xiàn)行治理違法建設(shè)體系存在的不足。通過(guò)借鑒武漢、北京和美國(guó)、新加坡等國(guó)內(nèi)外的經(jīng)驗(yàn),提出治理違法建設(shè)的對(duì)策:一是加強(qiáng)城市房屋建設(shè)規(guī)劃,完善疏導(dǎo)辦法;二是健全法制監(jiān)管體制,創(chuàng)新立法思路;三是斬?cái)噙`法利益鏈,合理分配社會(huì)資源;四是加強(qiáng)屬地責(zé)任落實(shí),建立長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制。總體來(lái)說(shuō)就是疏堵結(jié)合,以疏為主,綜合治理,避免出現(xiàn)先出現(xiàn)后治理的現(xiàn)象,從粗放式的管理到精細(xì)化監(jiān)管,既減少相關(guān)違法人員的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失,又避免浪費(fèi)國(guó)家行政資源,緩解社會(huì)矛盾。如何才能治理好違法建設(shè),己成為與城市發(fā)展管理并行的問(wèn)題。希望通過(guò)本文的研究,尋找到治理廣州違法建設(shè)的對(duì)策,藉此拋磚引玉。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up more than 30 years ago, with the rapid development of our country's social economy and the rapid population agglomeration, a large number of mega-cities have been emerging, especially in the eastern coastal areas, thus creating a great miracle in the history of the development of the world's cities. The value of land in cities and surrounding areas has also been increased by tens or even hundreds of times. Depending on land and land requisition and demolition, the myth of "getting rich overnight" is common, as the "aborigines" of cities with land use rights. Many people make use of their wisdom and hard work to obtain wealth, and others use land to "plant houses" and gain huge profits through illegal construction. Guangzhou is the capital city and one of the five central cities in China. In front of the interests there will always be some desperate, in urban and rural areas, villages, high-end villas can be found in varying degrees of illegal construction. At present, the most prominent type of illegal construction in Guangzhou is to change the structure and exterior facade of houses without authorization. The main ways to produce are as follows: one is to transform "homestead" houses (small property right houses) into rental houses or to obtain huge amounts of compensation by means of land expropriation compensation, such as Tuhua Village in Haizhu District, Shipai Village in Tianhe District and so on; The other is to change the use of the house or facade planning. The existence of illegal construction has become a "cancer tumor" of the city. Many illegal construction has led to a vacuum in the management of relevant departments and become a place for illegal and criminal activities. Illegal construction is also used by lawbreakers as a hiding place or a place to hide dirt. It has caused more social management problems. As the urban management departments that investigate and deal with urban illegal construction, they often encounter violence against the law, and illegal construction is broken down and built up, which has become the "intestinal obstruction" that restricts the development of the city. The administration of illegal construction has also become the difficulty of urban management at all levels of government in Guangzhou. In this paper, Guangzhou, one of the five central cities in the country, will be taken as the starting point, the current situation of illegal construction in Guangzhou will be deeply analyzed, and the methods of literature analysis and data analysis will be used to investigate and study, through game theory and public governance theory. Maslow's demand theory, etc., analyzes the influence of market demand on illegal construction, analyzes the reasons for the formation of illegal construction, finds out the problems existing in the process of illegal construction management, and reveals its harm to the sustainable development of the city and the life of the masses. Combined with the main measures and achievements of the government in recent years, this paper finds out the shortcomings of the current system of illegal construction of governance. Based on the experiences of Wuhan, Beijing, the United States, Singapore and other countries, this paper puts forward some countermeasures to deal with illegal construction: first, to strengthen the urban housing construction planning, to perfect the guidance measures, second, to perfect the legal supervision system, and to innovate the legislative thinking; The third is to cut off the chain of illegal interests and to allocate social resources rationally, and the fourth is to strengthen the implementation of territorial responsibility and establish a long-term mechanism. Generally speaking, it is a combination of thinning and plugging, mainly in the form of thinning, comprehensive management, and avoiding the phenomenon of first appearing and then managing. From extensive management to fine supervision, it can not only reduce the economic losses of the relevant lawbreakers, but also avoid the waste of national administrative resources. Ease social contradictions. How to deal with illegal construction has become a parallel problem with urban development management. Through the study of this paper, I hope to find the countermeasures to control the illegal construction in Guangzhou.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.297

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