本文選題：商業(yè)銀行　切入點(diǎn)：破產(chǎn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)　出處：《煙臺(tái)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：破產(chǎn)是公司企業(yè)市場化退出方式之一,但是到目前為止我國商業(yè)銀行尚未嘗試過破產(chǎn)退出的實(shí)踐。作為競逐于市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的主體之一,商業(yè)銀行既有破產(chǎn)可能,又有破產(chǎn)必要。同時(shí),商業(yè)銀行是特殊的金融企業(yè),其特殊的經(jīng)濟(jì)地位和特殊的負(fù)債式業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營特點(diǎn),使得破產(chǎn)方式的退出有別于一般企業(yè)法人。長期以來,我國主要通過行政化措施對(duì)問題商業(yè)銀行采取善后性的補(bǔ)救,其效果并不理想,這種隱形的國家信用支撐在市場化進(jìn)程中的保障日顯乏力�？紤]到商業(yè)銀行破產(chǎn)退出可能引起的系統(tǒng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和金融秩序的動(dòng)蕩,以及存款債權(quán)人這一特殊群體利益,有必要對(duì)其破產(chǎn)予以法律規(guī)整。本文研究思路分為四層邏輯結(jié)構(gòu):從破產(chǎn)相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)理論研習(xí)到商業(yè)銀行破產(chǎn)的現(xiàn)狀介紹與問題剖析,再到國外經(jīng)驗(yàn)的對(duì)比分析,最后提出針對(duì)我國商業(yè)銀行破產(chǎn)規(guī)范的立法建議。在基礎(chǔ)理論方面,對(duì)比分析商業(yè)銀行破產(chǎn)與普通商事主體破產(chǎn)的區(qū)別,分析商業(yè)銀行破產(chǎn)的價(jià)值及規(guī)范其法律的屬性,深入研討關(guān)于商業(yè)銀行破產(chǎn)的獨(dú)特性及規(guī)范商業(yè)銀行破產(chǎn)行為的積極意義等;在現(xiàn)狀描述和缺陷指出方面,針對(duì)規(guī)范商業(yè)銀行破產(chǎn)行為的《企業(yè)破產(chǎn)法》和《商業(yè)銀行法》以及其他相關(guān)的法律規(guī)章等進(jìn)行鋪陳,并指出規(guī)范在操作性上的不足,破產(chǎn)啟動(dòng)困難,預(yù)防和救助不暢,主導(dǎo)性不明確等;在引介域外相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)方面,介紹了美國和英國的特殊商業(yè)銀行破產(chǎn)法律制度以及特殊的“監(jiān)管性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”和破產(chǎn)處置機(jī)制,并總結(jié)出可供借鑒的一般性做法;在針對(duì)適合我國國情的商業(yè)銀行破產(chǎn)法律制度的改進(jìn)舉措方面,從接管到破產(chǎn)啟動(dòng)和重整程序以及清算程序等處置措施,在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和主體方面提出具體的改進(jìn)建議,明確相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和主體范圍及其權(quán)限。本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)在于針對(duì)各種措施的啟動(dòng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行量化,提出系列資本檔的客觀量化標(biāo)準(zhǔn),規(guī)范接管、破產(chǎn)啟動(dòng)、破產(chǎn)宣告的開始,并針對(duì)各階段相關(guān)措施和主體間的關(guān)系、權(quán)限予以明晰,試圖從多角度對(duì)草擬頒行我國商業(yè)銀行破產(chǎn)條例提出建設(shè)性意見。
[Abstract]:Bankruptcy is one of the ways of corporate market-oriented withdrawal, but up to now, commercial banks in China have not tried the practice of bankruptcy exit.As one of the main bodies of market economy, commercial banks have both bankruptcy possibility and bankruptcy necessity.At the same time, commercial banks are special financial enterprises, their special economic status and special characteristics of debt-type business management, make the exit of bankruptcy different from the general enterprise legal person.For a long time, our country mainly through the administrative measures to the problem of commercial banks to take aftercare remedial, its effect is not ideal, this invisible state credit support in the process of market-oriented protection is increasingly weak.Considering the systemic risk and the turbulence of financial order caused by the bankruptcy exit of commercial bank and the special interest of deposit creditor, it is necessary to regulate the bankruptcy of commercial bank.The research idea of this paper is divided into four logical structures: from the basic theory study of bankruptcy to the introduction and analysis of the current situation and problems of commercial bank bankruptcy, and then to the comparative analysis of foreign experience.Finally, the author puts forward some legislative suggestions for the bankruptcy regulation of commercial banks in China.In terms of basic theory, the difference between bankruptcy of commercial banks and bankruptcy of ordinary commercial subjects is analyzed, the value of bankruptcy of commercial banks and the legal attributes of regulating bankruptcy of commercial banks are analyzed.Deeply discuss the uniqueness of the bankruptcy of commercial banks and the positive significance of standardizing the bankruptcy behavior of commercial banks, etc., in terms of the description of the current situation and the pointing out of defects,To lay down the enterprise bankruptcy law, the commercial bank law and other relevant laws and regulations that regulate the bankruptcy behavior of commercial banks, and point out that the norms are not operable, it is difficult to start bankruptcy, and the prevention and rescue is not smooth,This paper introduces the bankruptcy law system of the special commercial banks in the United States and Britain, the special "supervision standard" and the bankruptcy disposal mechanism, and summarizes the general methods to be used for reference.With regard to the measures to improve the bankruptcy legal system of commercial banks that are suitable for our country's national conditions, from taking over to bankruptcy initiation and reorganization procedures and liquidation procedures, this paper puts forward concrete suggestions for improvement in terms of standards and subjects.Define the relevant standards and the scope of the subject and its authority.The innovation of this paper lies in quantifying the starting standards of various measures, putting forward the objective quantitative standards of series capital files, standardizing the beginning of take-over, bankruptcy initiation and bankruptcy declaration, and aiming at the relationship between relevant measures and subjects in each stage.This paper tries to put forward constructive suggestions on drafting and issuing bankruptcy regulations of commercial banks from various angles.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：煙臺(tái)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D922.291.92;D922.281

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