本文關(guān)鍵詞： 農(nóng)村留守老人權(quán)益 法律保護 完善建議　出處：《廣西師范大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：摘要：當前我國已經(jīng)進入老齡化社會,老年人權(quán)益保障問題變的愈加重要,由于歷史和現(xiàn)實的原因,我國在留守老人權(quán)益保障方面尚存在很多問題。然而,當前我國還沒有專門針對農(nóng)村留守老人群體的相關(guān)立法,由于這一群體的特殊性,顯然現(xiàn)有的有關(guān)老年人的一般法律法規(guī)并不能有效的保障其權(quán)益。本文就是從法律的角度探究如何保護農(nóng)村留守老人的權(quán)益。主要有以下幾個部分組成： 第一部分是導(dǎo)論,主要包括本文的選題背景、研究綜述、選題意義以及本文的創(chuàng)新之處。農(nóng)村留守老人是伴隨我國改革開放和城市化進程中產(chǎn)生的一個特殊群體,對這一群體的研究不僅具有理論意義,而且具有現(xiàn)實意義。國內(nèi)外有關(guān)農(nóng)村留守老人的文獻不多,研究水平較低,也不夠系統(tǒng)和完善。從法律角度研究留守老人權(quán)益的保護正是本文的創(chuàng)新之處。 第二部分是農(nóng)村留守老人權(quán)益的概念界定。農(nóng)村留守老人目前尚未引起社會的廣泛關(guān)注,對于農(nóng)村留守老人以及農(nóng)村留守老人權(quán)益的概念也沒有統(tǒng)一、明確的界定。筆者通過分析探討,界定了農(nóng)村留守老人的概念和農(nóng)村留守老人所應(yīng)當享有的權(quán)益。 第三部分是我國農(nóng)村留守老人權(quán)益法律保護的主要內(nèi)容及其方式。農(nóng)村留守老人作為特殊的弱勢群體,除了享有公民的一般權(quán)利,還應(yīng)當享有一些特殊的權(quán)利,如受贍養(yǎng)權(quán)、精神慰藉權(quán)、物質(zhì)幫助權(quán)、休息權(quán)、就醫(yī)權(quán)等權(quán)利；對于留守老人權(quán)益的保護方式,主要有國家保護、社會保護、家庭保護以及留守老人的自身保護。 第四部分是我國農(nóng)村留守老人權(quán)益法律保護存在的問題及其原因。當前我國有關(guān)老年人權(quán)益的法律主要是《中華人民共和國老年人權(quán)益保護法》,還有一些保障老年人權(quán)益的法律法規(guī)散見于《民法》、《刑法》、《婚姻法》、《訴訟法》等其他法典之中,尚沒有專門針對農(nóng)村留守老人的法律法規(guī)。由于法律體系的不完善、不健全,我國農(nóng)村留守老人權(quán)益保護存在諸多問題。問題的原因是多方面的,不僅僅是因為立法不完善,還與家庭贍養(yǎng)角色缺位、社會關(guān)注不夠、法律服務(wù)缺失以及留守年人自身法律意識淡薄等有關(guān)。 第五部分是我國農(nóng)村留守老人權(quán)益的法律保護的思路和對策。針對農(nóng)村留守老人權(quán)益保護存在的問題,筆者提出了以下幾點建議和對策。首先是立法方面,應(yīng)當完善《中華人民共和國老年人權(quán)益保護法》,制定《中華人民共和國老年人權(quán)益保護法實施細則》；針對留守老人的特殊性制定一些專門的相關(guān)法律法規(guī),健全保障老年人權(quán)益的法律體系,全面保護留守老人的合法權(quán)益,比如制定《農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險法》、《老年人權(quán)益保障法實施辦法》、《農(nóng)村醫(yī)療保障法》、《農(nóng)村老年人生活照料法》以及其他相關(guān)法律法規(guī)。其次是執(zhí)法方面,行政執(zhí)法部門要積極主動保護老人的合法權(quán)益,對于侵犯留守老人權(quán)益的行為要嚴厲懲處。再次是司法方面,基于我國社會老齡化程度逐漸加深,老年人人口規(guī)模日益龐大,建立針對老年人的專門法庭很有必要。最后是法律宣傳和法律服務(wù)方面,要做好普法工作和對老年人的法律援助。另外,為更好的保障留守老人權(quán)益,加強家庭保護、提高社會保障水平也是及其必要的。 農(nóng)村留守老人是我國城市化進程中衍生的一個特殊、龐大的老年人群體。維護和保障老年人的合法權(quán)益,特別是維護和保障農(nóng)村留守老人這一弱勢群體的合法權(quán)益,是全社會的共同責任,也是構(gòu)筑和諧社會的基本要求,更關(guān)系到當前社會主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的成敗。由于城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)分化等原因,我國農(nóng)村留守老人權(quán)益保障面臨著道德和法律的雙重困境,為了更好地保障農(nóng)村留守老人的權(quán)益,必須以法律的形式確立農(nóng)村留守老人的法律地位,建立健全保護這一弱勢群體的法律體系。
[Abstract]:Abstract: at present, China has entered the aging society, safeguarding the rights and interests of the elderly become more and more important, due to historical and practical reasons, there are still many problems in the Elderly Rights in our country. However, China has no special legislation for the rural elderly population, as a special group obviously, the elderly of the existing general laws and regulations are not effective to protect their rights and interests. This paper is to explore how to protect the rights and interests of the left behind elderly in rural areas from the angle of law mainly has the following several parts:
The first part is the introduction, including the research background, research significance and innovation of this article. The rural elderly is accompanied by a special group of China's reform and opening up and the city in the process, the study of this group not only has theoretical significance, but also has practical significance. Domestic and foreign literature on the rural elderly is not much, the research level is low, also not systematic and perfect. The protection of the rights and interests of the elderly left behind from the angle of law is the innovation of this paper.
The second part is the concept of the rights for rural left behind elderly. The definition of the rural left behind elderly has not yet aroused widespread concern in society, there is no unified concept for the elderly and Rural Elderly Rights in rural areas is clearly defined. The author through analysis, defines the concept and the elderly left behind in rural elderly in rural areas should enjoy the rights and interests.
The third part is the main content of China's rural left behind the legal protection of the interests of the elderly and its way. The rural left behind elderly as a special vulnerable groups, in addition to the general rights of citizens, should also enjoy some special rights, such as the right of support, comfort, material help right, the right to rest, right right for medical treatment; protection of left behind elderly rights, mainly the state protection, social protection, protection of the family and the elderly left behind to protect themselves.
The fourth part is our country rural existence of legal protection of the interests of the elderly left behind problems and their causes. At present in our country about the legal rights and interests of the elderly is mainly People's Republic of China elderly Protection Law > >, there are some laws and regulations to protect the rights of the elderly in < < > > of civil law, criminal law, marriage law < >, < procedure > and other laws, still no specific laws and regulations of the rural elderly. Because the legal system is not perfect, not perfect, rural elderly rights protection problems. The cause of the problem is that in many aspects, not only because of the imperfection of legislation, but also with the lack of the role of family support, social concern is not enough lack of legal services, and the left behind elderly awareness of the law.
The fifth part is the ideas and measures of legal protection for the rural elderly rights. Aiming at the protection of the rights of the elderly left behind in rural areas, the author puts forward several suggestions and countermeasures. The first is the legislation, we should perfect the "People's Republic of China elderly Protection Law >, < People's Republic of China formulated the protection of rights of the elderly rules for the implementation of the law for some special; formulate relevant laws and regulations of the elderly, a sound legal system to protect the rights of the elderly, the elderly left behind to protect the legitimate rights and interests, such as the development of rural social endowment insurance Law > >, < the measures for the implementation of the elderly Protection Law > >, < < rural medical security law, the life of the rural elderly take care of law and other relevant laws and regulations. The second is the law enforcement, administrative law enforcement departments should actively protect the legitimate rights and interests of the elderly, for violations of the old left behind 浜烘潈鐩婄殑琛屼負瑕佷弗鍘夋儵澶，

本文編號：1550807