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  本文選題：勞動合同 + 法定必備條款��； 參考：《吉林大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：勞動合同條款是勞動法的重要內(nèi)容，也是勞動合同的基本組成部分。勞動合同法定必備條款是勞動合同條款的重要組成部分，其在明確勞動法律關(guān)系雙方當事人權(quán)利義務(wù)、平衡雙方利益及維護勞動關(guān)系的穩(wěn)定方面具有不可忽視的作用。我國現(xiàn)行《勞動合同法》對勞動合同法定必備條款的規(guī)定較之前有一定進步，但仍有一些問題需要研究探討。本文從勞動合同法定必備條款的概念入手，分四個部分對勞動合同法定必備條款的基礎(chǔ)理論、設(shè)定原則、內(nèi)容界定等問題進行論述。 第一部分主要是勞動合同法定必備條款的學理界定。筆者首先通過歷史分析的方法，從勞動合同的性質(zhì)和特點入手，對勞動合同條款的內(nèi)容及概念進行分析。并通過對比勞動合同條款的三種不同類型，說明勞動合同法定必備條款的重要地位。其次，對勞動合同法定必備條款的概念和特征作較為深入的探討，歸納了勞動合同法定必備條款應(yīng)具備的特征。 第二部分集中論述了勞動合同法定必備條款的設(shè)定原則，包括意思自治原則、公平原則、合法原則和協(xié)調(diào)原則。意思自治原則包含了平等和自愿兩層含義，它要求勞動法律關(guān)系當事人在法律地位平等的基礎(chǔ)上，自主決定自身行為，并僅對自己真實意思所表達的行為負責。意思自治原則在內(nèi)容上包括勞動自由和用工自主兩個方面。意思自治原則對勞動者和用人單位的保護整體上是平衡的，必要時適當向勞動者傾斜。公平原則在勞動合同法定必備條款的設(shè)定中主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面：條款的設(shè)定應(yīng)當使勞動合同雙方的權(quán)利義務(wù)得到合理分配；條款的設(shè)定能夠使勞動合同雙方的利益處于相對均衡狀態(tài)；條款的設(shè)定有助于保障勞動者的合法權(quán)益。合法原則在勞動合同法定必備條款設(shè)定的程序方面的要求是：勞動合同法定必備條款的設(shè)定應(yīng)當采取一定的形式。合法原則在勞動合同法定必備條款設(shè)定的內(nèi)容方面主要體現(xiàn)在：勞動合同法定必備條款的具體內(nèi)容不僅要遵守法律、行政法規(guī)的規(guī)定，還要遵守勞動基準法和集體合同的規(guī)定，也要遵守社會公共秩序，，不違背公序良俗原則。協(xié)調(diào)原則主要包括勞動權(quán)利義務(wù)相統(tǒng)一和勞動權(quán)利義務(wù)相對應(yīng)兩個方面。 第三部分是關(guān)于勞動合同法定必備條款的內(nèi)容分析。世界上多數(shù)國家的勞動立法都對勞動合同法定必備條款的內(nèi)容作了規(guī)定，一般都包括工作內(nèi)容、勞動報酬、休息休假等。我國《勞動合同法》第十七條對勞動合同法定必備條款的內(nèi)容作出了較為詳細的規(guī)定。比之《勞動法》，《勞動合同法》關(guān)于法定必備條款的規(guī)定具有一定的進步性，但仍有值得探討之處。一方面，《勞動合同法》將當事人的基本情況列為法定必備條款值得商榷。因為，勞動合同的法定必備條款不應(yīng)為主體自然狀況條款，而應(yīng)為具有權(quán)利義務(wù)性質(zhì)的內(nèi)容。另一方面，《勞動合同法》將勞動合同期限規(guī)定為法定必備條款并不適當。筆者認為勞動合同法定必備條款的內(nèi)容可以包括：工作內(nèi)容和工作地點，工作時間和休息休假，勞動報酬，勞動保護、勞動條件和職業(yè)危害防護，社會保險。 第四部分是勞動合同法定必備條款欠缺的法律效果分析。關(guān)于勞動合同欠缺法定必備條款的法律后果，勞動立法沒有明確規(guī)定，對此有不同認識。筆者認為欠缺法定必備條款的勞動合同應(yīng)當是不成立的勞動合同。主要原因在于：勞動合同法定必備條款是雙方當事人就勞動合同基礎(chǔ)內(nèi)容達成的合意，法定必備條款完全具備的，勞動合同當然成立。欠缺法定必備條款的，說明雙方當事人未就勞動合同的主要內(nèi)容達成統(tǒng)一，這屬于事實判斷問題，而非法律價值判斷問題。關(guān)于欠缺法定必備條款的勞動合同的處理原則，筆者認為應(yīng)當主要從維護勞資關(guān)系穩(wěn)定和保護勞動者的角度出發(fā)，在沒有欠缺關(guān)鍵性內(nèi)容和不違背社會公共利益及公序良俗的情況下，應(yīng)當盡量認定合同成立。勞動合同欠缺法定必備條款時，只要欠缺的不是影響勞動關(guān)系確立的條款，應(yīng)允許其改正和補救。關(guān)于法定必備條款欠缺的勞動合同如何處理，實踐中是一個比較復(fù)雜的問題，需要區(qū)分不同情況加以討論。
[Abstract]:The clause of the labor contract is an important part of the labor law and the basic component of the labor contract. The necessary provisions of the statutory labor contract are an important part of the terms of the labor contract. It can not be ignored in defining the rights and obligations of the parties, balancing the interests of the two parties and maintaining the stability of the relationship between labor and labor. There are some problems in the existing provisions of labor contract law in China, but there are still some problems to be studied. Starting with the concept of the necessary provisions of the statutory labor contract, this article is divided into four parts to discuss the basic theory, the setting principle and the content definition of the necessary provisions of the labor contract. Say.
The first part is mainly the academic definition of the necessary provisions of the statutory labor contract. The author first analyzes the contents and concepts of the labor contract clauses through the analysis of the nature and characteristics of the labor contract through the method of historical analysis, and illustrates the importance of the necessary provisions of the statutory labor contract by comparing the three types of labor contract clauses. Secondly, it makes a thorough discussion on the concept and characteristics of the statutory essential clauses of the labor contract, and concludes the characteristics that the statutory provisions of the labor contract should possess.
The second part concentrates on the principle of setting up the necessary provisions of the statutory labor contract, including the principle of autonomy, the principle of fairness, the principle of legality and the principle of coordination. The principle of autonomy contains the two meanings of equality and voluntariness. It requires that the parties to the legal relations of labor decide their own behavior on the basis of equality in the legal status, and only on the basis of the law. The principle of autonomy in the content includes two aspects: the freedom of labor and the autonomy of labor. The principle of autonomy of autonomy is balanced on the protection of workers and employers as a whole. The principle of fairness is mainly reflected in the setting of the necessary provisions of labor cooperation and legal requirements. In the following aspects: the setting of the terms should make the rights and obligations of both parties of the labor contract reasonably distributed; the setting of the terms can make the interests of both parties in the labor contract in a relatively balanced state; the setting of the clauses will help to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the workers. The requirement is that the establishment of the necessary provisions of the statutory labor contract should be set in a certain form. The main contents of the legal principle in the necessary provisions of the statutory labor contract are as follows: the specific contents of the necessary provisions of the statutory labor contract should not only comply with the law, the regulations of the administrative regulations, but also abide by the labor standard law and collectives. The same regulations should also abide by the public order, and do not violate the principle of public order and good customs. The principle of coordination mainly includes two aspects: the unity of labor rights and obligations and the relative labor rights and obligations.
The third part is about the content analysis of the necessary provisions of the statutory labor contract. The labor legislation in most countries stipulates the contents of the necessary provisions of the statutory labor contract, generally including the work content, labor remuneration, rest and vacation, etc. our country "Labor Contract Law >" seventeenth articles on the necessary provisions of labor contract statutory provisions are made. More detailed provisions have been made. The provisions of the labor law, the labor contract law and the necessary provisions of the law have certain progressiveness, but there are still some points to be discussed. On the one hand, the law of the labor contract shall be debatable by making the basic conditions of the parties listed as the necessary provisions of the law, because the legal necessary provisions of the labor contract should not be the main body of the law. On the other hand, "labor contract law" is not appropriate to stipulate the term of the labor contract as a statutory necessary clause. The author thinks that the contents of the necessary provisions of the statutory labor contract can include the contents and place of work, work time and rest and vacation, labor remuneration, labor protection, Protection of labor conditions and occupational hazards, social insurance.
The fourth part is the legal effect analysis of the lack of the necessary provisions of the labor contract. On the legal consequences of the lack of legal necessary provisions of the labor contract, the labor legislation is not clearly defined, and there are different understandings. The necessary provisions of the legal requisite is the agreement between the parties on the basic content of the labor contract and the necessary provisions of the statutory necessary provisions. The labor contract is of course set up. The lack of legal necessary provisions indicates that the parties have not agreed on the main contents of the labor contract, which is a matter of fact judgment, not the legal value judgment. In the principle of handling the labor contract which lacks the necessary provisions of the legal requisite, the author thinks that it should be mainly from the angle of maintaining the stability of labor relations and protecting the laborers. In the absence of the key content and the public interests and the public order and good customs, the contract should be established as far as possible. In practice, it is a complex problem in practice that it should be discussed in different situations, as long as the lack of the provisions that affect the establishment of labor relations should be allowed to be corrected and remedied.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D922.52

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