本文關(guān)鍵詞： 債權(quán)人撤銷權(quán) 日本債權(quán)法修改 論點(diǎn)　出處：《中國社會科學(xué)院研究生院》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：債權(quán)人撤銷權(quán)制度最早起源于古羅馬法的破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán)制度，由于行使撤銷權(quán)必須由債權(quán)人向法院起訴，由法院作出撤銷債務(wù)人行為的判決才能發(fā)生撤銷的效果，因此，撤銷權(quán)又被稱為撤銷訴權(quán)或廢罷訴權(quán)。這項(xiàng)制度后為德國、日本等許多大陸法系國家所繼受。中國于1999年出臺的《中華人民共和國合同法》第74條、75條中正式確立了債權(quán)人撤銷權(quán)，它在我國社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過程中，為維護(hù)一般債權(quán)人的合法債權(quán)，維護(hù)交易安全，防止債務(wù)人采取種種不正當(dāng)?shù)男袨樘颖軅鶆?wù)，維護(hù)公平、誠信的市場經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序，發(fā)揮了重要而不可替代的作用。 但是，債權(quán)人撤銷制度在中國的確立時(shí)間畢竟比其他大陸法系國家，如德國、日本遲了百年有余，這些國家的理論和實(shí)踐的發(fā)展以及經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)勢必可以給我國法學(xué)及法律實(shí)踐予以啟示，正所謂“他山之石可以攻玉”。 筆者正是基于這種認(rèn)識，擬通過對此次日本民法典修改中的債權(quán)人撤銷權(quán)部分論點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整理，討論和探索對完善我國債權(quán)人撤銷權(quán)制度的啟示。 本論文共分四個(gè)部分。具體如下： 第一部分：債權(quán)人撤銷權(quán)概述。主要介紹債權(quán)人撤銷權(quán)的概念、各國有關(guān)該制度的規(guī)定，特別是構(gòu)成撤銷權(quán)的要件以及撤銷權(quán)性質(zhì)四學(xué)說（即請求權(quán)說、形成權(quán)說、折中說和責(zé)任說）。 第二部分：日本債權(quán)法修改中的債權(quán)人撤銷權(quán)。介紹此次日本民法大規(guī)模修改的背景、修改債權(quán)人撤銷權(quán)制度的理由、最新修改草案的主要內(nèi)容，進(jìn)而對修改論點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整理、討論。 第三部分：中國債權(quán)人撤銷權(quán)制度的現(xiàn)狀和不足。分析我國債權(quán)人撤銷權(quán)制度現(xiàn)狀及不足。不足之處主要有四個(gè)方面，分別是撤銷權(quán)保護(hù)的對象、撤銷的效力、撤銷權(quán)的要件以及撤銷權(quán)的訴訟當(dāng)事人的地位問題。 第四部分：日本債權(quán)法修改中債權(quán)人撤銷權(quán)的啟示。一是在總結(jié)日本債權(quán)法修改中各論點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上，分析可供完善我國債權(quán)人撤銷權(quán)制度參考的地方。特別對轉(zhuǎn)得人的地位、轉(zhuǎn)得人的詐害行為行使要件和行使撤銷權(quán)債權(quán)人的優(yōu)先受償權(quán)利進(jìn)行分析。二是就完善我國債權(quán)人撤銷權(quán)制度提出建議。主要是在進(jìn)一步探討債權(quán)人撤銷權(quán)中的優(yōu)先受償?shù)幕A(chǔ)上，就撤銷權(quán)的主體范圍提出自己的觀點(diǎn)，并建議在民事訴訟法中對撤銷訴訟中的當(dāng)事人地位作出具體的規(guī)定。
[Abstract]:The system of creditor's right of rescission originates from the system of bankruptcy revocation of ancient Roman law. Because the right of rescission must be sued by the creditor to the court, the court can make the judgment of revoking the debtor's behavior before it can have the effect of rescission. Therefore, the right of rescission is also called the right of revocation or the right of strike. Japan and many other civil law countries have been followed. In Article 74 (75) of the contract Law of the people's Republic of China promulgated in 1999, China formally established the right of revocation of creditors. In the course of the development of socialist market economy in our country, in order to maintain the legal creditor's rights of the general creditor, to maintain the transaction security, to prevent the debtor from taking all sorts of improper behavior to evade the debt, and to maintain the fairness. Honest market economy order, played an important and irreplaceable role. However, the creditor revocation system in China has been established more than 100 years later than other civil law countries, such as Germany and Japan. The development of the theory and practice and the experience and lessons of these countries are bound to enlighten the law and legal practice of our country. Based on this understanding, the author intends to sort out some arguments of creditor's right of rescission in the revision of Japanese Civil Code, and to discuss and explore the enlightenment to perfect the system of creditor's revocation right in our country. This thesis is divided into four parts. The first part: the outline of creditor's right of rescission. It mainly introduces the concept of creditor's right of rescission, the provisions of this system in various countries, especially the elements that constitute the right of rescission and the four theories of nature of the right of rescission (that is, the theory of right of claim). Formation right theory, eclectic theory and responsibility theory. The second part: the creditor's right of rescission in the amendment of Japanese creditor's rights law. It introduces the background of this large-scale revision of Japanese civil law, the reasons for modifying creditor's revocation right system, and the main contents of the latest revised draft. Then to revise the argument to organize, discuss. The third part: the present situation and the insufficiency of the creditor's revocation right system in China. It analyzes the present situation and the insufficiency of the creditor's revocation right system in China. There are four main deficiencies, which are the object of the revocation right protection. The effect of revocation, the elements of revocation and the status of litigant. Part 4th: the enlightenment of obligee's right of rescission in the amendment of Japanese creditor's rights law. First, on the basis of summing up the arguments in the amendment of Japanese creditor's rights law. Analysis of the system of creditor rescission rights in China for reference, especially on the status of the transfer. The second is to put forward some suggestions on perfecting the system of cancellation right of creditors in our country, mainly in the further discussion of the cancellation right of creditors. On a priority basis. The author puts forward his own views on the scope of the subject of the right of rescission, and proposes to make specific provisions on the status of the parties in the revocation proceedings in the Civil procedure Law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國社會科學(xué)院研究生院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D923

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