【摘要】：在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的背景下,伴隨著中國(guó)貿(mào)易規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大和綜合國(guó)力的增強(qiáng),國(guó)際上對(duì)人民幣匯率的指責(zé)也接踵而來。金融危機(jī)企穩(wěn)之后,以美國(guó)為首的西方國(guó)家,為了給本國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇和就業(yè)增長(zhǎng)拓展空間,對(duì)人民幣匯率再一次發(fā)難,指責(zé)人民幣匯率被人為操縱,中國(guó)因此而獲得了不公平的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì),這違反了IMF的有關(guān)規(guī)定,并謀求在政治上、經(jīng)濟(jì)上、輿論上等形成合圍之態(tài)和高壓之勢(shì),逼迫中國(guó)短期內(nèi)大幅提高人民幣匯率。一方面是國(guó)際上要求人民幣升值的壓力在逐漸增大,另一方面是國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)者對(duì)人民幣匯率是否被操縱這一議題,從國(guó)際法層面的研究和回應(yīng)還為數(shù)不多,也沒有達(dá)成系統(tǒng)性、成熟性、廣泛性的共識(shí)。本文正是在這個(gè)背景下,冷靜看待西方國(guó)家有關(guān)人民幣匯率被操縱的指控,認(rèn)真研究IMF協(xié)定等相關(guān)國(guó)際條約的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)西方國(guó)家的指責(zé),做出國(guó)際法層面的回應(yīng),同時(shí)提出了中國(guó)下一步的積極應(yīng)對(duì)之策。 本文可以分為四個(gè)部分。第一部分介紹了匯率和人民幣匯率的歷史演變,具體包括匯率的概念和產(chǎn)生原因,匯率的種類和作用,建國(guó)以來人民幣匯率的歷史演變。通過此部分的介紹,意在使讀者對(duì)有關(guān)匯率及人民幣匯率的基本情況有個(gè)大概的知悉。第二部分對(duì)人民幣匯率爭(zhēng)端的現(xiàn)狀和原因進(jìn)行了分析和闡述,通過此部分,筆者意在使讀者對(duì)有關(guān)人民幣匯率被操縱的指責(zé)有個(gè)基本了解。第三部分是文章最重要的部分,筆者先從國(guó)際法理論層面對(duì)國(guó)際上有關(guān)人民幣匯率被操縱的指責(zé)做出回應(yīng)的同時(shí),后又通過IMF等組織發(fā)布的報(bào)告,用現(xiàn)實(shí)的事例佐證研究得出來的結(jié)論,也用現(xiàn)實(shí)的事例來對(duì)國(guó)際上有關(guān)人民幣匯率被操縱的指責(zé)做出回應(yīng)。文章認(rèn)為,人民幣匯率是中國(guó)的主權(quán),中國(guó)已經(jīng)履行了IMF框架下的義務(wù),人民幣匯率并未被人為操縱,是合法的、正當(dāng)?shù)摹５谒牟糠质潜疚木哂袆?chuàng)新性的部分,提出了中國(guó)的應(yīng)對(duì)之策,文章指出,盡管西方國(guó)家對(duì)人民幣匯率被中國(guó)人為操縱的指控不能成立,但我們?nèi)砸３智逍训恼J(rèn)識(shí)和足夠的警惕,仍要采取綜合配套措施,為中國(guó)的人民幣匯率進(jìn)一步改革及和平崛起爭(zhēng)取有利的空間和營(yíng)造良好的環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:Under the background of economic globalization, with the expansion of China's trade scale and the enhancement of comprehensive national strength, international accusations of RMB exchange rate have also followed. After the financial crisis stabilized, the western countries, led by the United States, in order to expand their own economic recovery and employment growth, once again hit the RMB exchange rate, accusing the RMB exchange rate of being artificially manipulated. As a result, China has gained an unfair competitive advantage, which violates the relevant provisions of the IMF and seeks to form a closed and high-handed trend in politics, economy and public opinion, forcing China to significantly increase the RMB exchange rate in the short term. On the one hand, the international pressure for RMB appreciation is gradually increasing, on the other hand, there are few studies and responses from the level of international law on whether the RMB exchange rate is manipulated by domestic scholars, and there is no systematic conclusion. A consensus of maturity and universality. Under this background, this paper calmly looks at the allegations of RMB exchange rate manipulation in western countries, seriously studies the IMF agreement and other relevant international treaties, and responds to the accusations of western countries at the level of international law. At the same time, this paper puts forward some positive countermeasures for China to deal with it in the next step. This paper can be divided into four parts. The first part introduces the historical evolution of exchange rate and RMB exchange rate, including the concept and causes of exchange rate, the types and functions of exchange rate, and the historical evolution of RMB exchange rate since the founding of the people's Republic of China. Through this section of the introduction, the purpose of the reader to have a general knowledge of the exchange rate and RMB exchange rate. The second part analyzes and expounds the present situation and causes of RMB exchange rate disputes, through which the author intends to make readers have a basic understanding of the accusation that RMB exchange rate has been manipulated. The third part is the most important part of the article. The author first responds to the international accusations that the RMB exchange rate has been manipulated from the theoretical level of international law, and then publishes the report through the IMF and other organizations. Realistic examples are used to support the conclusions of the study, and realistic examples are also used to respond to international accusations that the RMB exchange rate has been manipulated. The article holds that the RMB exchange rate is China's sovereignty, China has fulfilled its obligations under the framework of IMF, and the RMB exchange rate has not been manipulated artificially, which is legal and legitimate. The fourth part is the innovative part of this paper, which puts forward China's countermeasures. The article points out that although the western countries can not hold the accusation that the RMB exchange rate is manipulated by the Chinese, However, we should still maintain a clear understanding and sufficient vigilance, and still take comprehensive supporting measures to strive for favorable space and create a good environment for the further reform and peaceful rise of China's RMB exchange rate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D996.2;F832.6

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