論建立全球性反海盜國際法庭的必要性
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-18 03:02
【摘要】：海盜行為在新世紀的擴散,威脅著全球的海上貿(mào)易,影響了世界經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。在現(xiàn)有的情況下,國家?guī)缀醪荒艹惺艽驌艉１I行為的財政的消耗,有能力打擊海盜的國家或是忽視這個問題,或是忽略這些需要幫助的國家,毫無疑問,大多數(shù)貿(mào)易國家沒有用足夠的精力,在思想上也沒有任何長遠的打算,去準備用本國法律打擊海盜。 為了規(guī)避本國對海盜的管轄權(quán),部分國家采用協(xié)議的方式,將抓獲的海盜引渡給第三國,由第三國行使審判權(quán)。這種廉價與便捷的方式取得了一定的成效,但由于協(xié)議國沒有實現(xiàn)自己的承諾,使得第三國不愿再承擔這個責任。 聯(lián)合國安全理事會于2008年12月16日通過1851號決議,呼吁各國在索馬里沿岸打擊海盜,部分國家出動軍艦,對索馬里海盜起到一個震懾的作用,但大多數(shù)軍艦對海盜只是驅(qū)趕,就算抓捕,很少對其進行審判,所以說這種方法沒有從根本上解決起訴海盜的問題。 建立一個全球性的反海盜國際法庭,無論在成本開支的節(jié)約方面,還是在專業(yè)技能方面,都能取得好的成效。為此聯(lián)合國秘書長潘基文在2010年7月26日就如何打擊海盜列出7個方案供聯(lián)合國安全理事會審議。建立全球性反海盜國際法庭,可以解決各國不愿行使管轄權(quán)的問題,也能解決國家因財政問題而不起訴海盜的弊端,建立一個全球性反海盜國際法庭有其必要性。
[Abstract]:The proliferation of piracy in the new century threatens the global maritime trade and affects the development of the world economy. In the present circumstances, States can hardly afford the financial cost of combating piracy, and there is no doubt that those States that are able to combat piracy either ignore the problem or ignore those in need of help. Most trading nations do not have enough energy, nor do they have any long-term plans to use their own laws to combat piracy. In order to circumvent their jurisdiction over pirates, some countries use the agreement to extradite the captured pirates to third countries, and the third countries exercise jurisdiction. This cheap and convenient approach has paid off, but third countries are reluctant to shoulder this responsibility because they have failed to live up to their commitments. The UN Security Council adopted resolution 1851 on December 16, 2008, calling on all countries to fight piracy off the coast of Somalia. Some countries have deployed warships to act as a deterrent to Somali pirates. But most warships only drive out pirates. Even if they are arrested, they are rarely tried, so this approach does not fundamentally solve the problem of piracy prosecution. The establishment of a global international anti-piracy court can achieve good results in terms of cost savings as well as expertise. To this end, UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon on July 26, 2010, on how to combat piracy listed seven options for consideration by the UN Security Council. The establishment of a global anti-piracy international court can solve the problem that countries are unwilling to exercise jurisdiction, but also solve the malpractice that countries do not prosecute pirates because of financial problems. It is necessary to establish a global anti-piracy international court.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D997.9
本文編號：2385217
[Abstract]:The proliferation of piracy in the new century threatens the global maritime trade and affects the development of the world economy. In the present circumstances, States can hardly afford the financial cost of combating piracy, and there is no doubt that those States that are able to combat piracy either ignore the problem or ignore those in need of help. Most trading nations do not have enough energy, nor do they have any long-term plans to use their own laws to combat piracy. In order to circumvent their jurisdiction over pirates, some countries use the agreement to extradite the captured pirates to third countries, and the third countries exercise jurisdiction. This cheap and convenient approach has paid off, but third countries are reluctant to shoulder this responsibility because they have failed to live up to their commitments. The UN Security Council adopted resolution 1851 on December 16, 2008, calling on all countries to fight piracy off the coast of Somalia. Some countries have deployed warships to act as a deterrent to Somali pirates. But most warships only drive out pirates. Even if they are arrested, they are rarely tried, so this approach does not fundamentally solve the problem of piracy prosecution. The establishment of a global international anti-piracy court can achieve good results in terms of cost savings as well as expertise. To this end, UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon on July 26, 2010, on how to combat piracy listed seven options for consideration by the UN Security Council. The establishment of a global anti-piracy international court can solve the problem that countries are unwilling to exercise jurisdiction, but also solve the malpractice that countries do not prosecute pirates because of financial problems. It is necessary to establish a global anti-piracy international court.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D997.9
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，本文編號：2385217
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