國際法院訴訟管轄權問題研究
[Abstract]:The International Court of Justice is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations and the most authoritative international dispute settlement body in the international judicial system. The International Court of Justice, which has been established for more than 60 years, has played an important role in the settlement of international disputes and effectively maintained the stability of the international order. The International Court of Justice can play such a significant role from the international community to give it jurisdiction. The jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice is divided into litigation jurisdiction and advisory jurisdiction. The jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice is different from that of the domestic courts, and it is not mandatory. The jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice is based on the voluntary transfer of state sovereignty. This is because the international community is an equal-power society and there is no central authority above national sovereignty. Due to the particularity of the jurisdiction of national courts, it has always been a matter of great concern in the field of international justice. The international community has not yet formed a universal belief in international law and the international judicial system, and the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice still faces many problems and challenges. The jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice follows the principle of the consent of the State. For this reason, the Court has established an independent system of jurisdiction based on the Statute of the International Court of Justice and the Charter of the United Nations. The system must be based on national consent, but it is also weak. When sovereign States need to settle their disputes through the International Court of Justice, they take the initiative to accept the jurisdiction of the Court; But when sovereign states believe that it would be detrimental to their own interests to refer some disputes to the International Court of Justice, they circumvent the Court's jurisdiction in various ways. This paper first makes a systematic overview of the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice, and on this basis, focuses on the discussion and study of several main problems facing the International Court of Justice at present: the existence of fuzzy decisions on admissibility. The automatic reservation clause restricts the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice, which is difficult to obtain the unanimous trust of the member States. The reservation of the optional clause greatly weakens the arbitrary compulsory jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice. The third part attempts to find out the possibility of China accepting the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice by commenting on China's historical attitude towards the International Court of Justice.
【學位授予單位】:吉林財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2015
【分類號】:D99
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