從金融監(jiān)管角度看系統(tǒng)性危機的應對策略
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-08 13:02
【摘要】：隨著金融全球化浪潮的到來,各國金融開放程度加大,市場間的聯(lián)系也日益緊密。這所有的一切,既給全球金融迅速發(fā)展帶來了難得的契機,亦暗含了系統(tǒng)性危機再次大規(guī)模爆發(fā)的可能性。在金融全球化的浪潮下,各國經(jīng)濟聯(lián)系日益密切:一方面,這有利于資本運作;另一方面金融全球化的態(tài)勢也給各國各區(qū)域金融監(jiān)管帶來了系統(tǒng)性危機的挑戰(zhàn)。我們應該如何迎接這個挑戰(zhàn)?盡管在現(xiàn)階段,建立一個有強制力的國際監(jiān)管者并不現(xiàn)實;但是各金融監(jiān)管機構和金融監(jiān)管指導性意見制定機構之間的合作,不僅有利于促進監(jiān)管標準的統(tǒng)一和金融業(yè)全球化發(fā)展,也有利于最終實現(xiàn)全球金融監(jiān)管的統(tǒng)一。 從現(xiàn)階段看來,金融標準的趨同化發(fā)展和各國各地區(qū)的監(jiān)管合作是目前金融監(jiān)管系統(tǒng)化發(fā)展的最主流表現(xiàn)。強調(diào)合作,是因為在金融機構聯(lián)系如此緊密的今天,金融業(yè)需要面對多種復雜交易以及跨國金融活動所引發(fā)的風險。而任意一國或一個地區(qū)在金融監(jiān)管方面的單打獨斗,已經(jīng)不能符合金融全球化下金融業(yè)危機防范的要求了。堅持宏觀審慎監(jiān)管與微觀審慎監(jiān)管相結合,并借助相關國際組織和各國監(jiān)管機構的合作以促進金融監(jiān)管標準的融合是控制系統(tǒng)性危機的有效手段。這個措施亦分別被國際性,區(qū)域性以及國內(nèi)監(jiān)管機制所認可。英國的審慎監(jiān)管委員會,美國的系統(tǒng)性危機委員會,歐盟的系統(tǒng)性危機委員會和全球性的金融穩(wěn)定委員會的成立和運作都證明了建立一個宏觀金融監(jiān)管機制對于防范系統(tǒng)性危機是十分有必要的。而要實現(xiàn)上述監(jiān)管模式穩(wěn)妥運行,金融監(jiān)管標準的趨同化是很重要的一步。國際法對于金融監(jiān)管的要求,區(qū)域金融監(jiān)管標準統(tǒng)一,以及軟性指導性意見的廣泛普及,都促成了金融監(jiān)管標準的統(tǒng)一化發(fā)展。 順應國際潮流,我們不得不思索:金融業(yè)開始蓬勃發(fā)展的中國應該如何防范于未然?分析我國金融法規(guī)體制以及金融監(jiān)管機制方面存在的問題是我們控制系統(tǒng)性危機,保持我國金融市場穩(wěn)定性的前提。而探討如何順應國際金融監(jiān)管改革的趨勢以提高我國金融監(jiān)管水平亦是我國金融監(jiān)管需要研究的重大課題。短時期內(nèi),我國以央行為中心,保監(jiān)會,銀監(jiān)會和證監(jiān)會實行分業(yè)監(jiān)管的金融監(jiān)管機制不會改變,而金融業(yè)混業(yè)發(fā)展的趨勢卻日益明顯。面對這一矛盾現(xiàn)狀和我國金融監(jiān)管所存在的缺陷和漏洞:一方面,我們要加快國內(nèi)金融法改革,并建立起保監(jiān)會,銀監(jiān)會和證監(jiān)會之間的溝通聯(lián)系機制,加強三個獨立監(jiān)管者之間的相互配合;另一方面,我們要加強國際合作,與其他國家和國際金融監(jiān)管機構共同努力規(guī)避系統(tǒng)性風險。
[Abstract]:With the arrival of the wave of financial globalization, the degree of financial openness has increased, and the relationship between markets has become increasingly close. All this brings a rare opportunity for the rapid development of global finance, but also implies the possibility of another large-scale outbreak of systemic crisis. Under the tide of financial globalization, the economic relations of various countries are becoming closer and closer: on the one hand, this is beneficial to the operation of capital; on the other hand, the situation of financial globalization has also brought the challenge of systemic crisis to the financial supervision of all countries and regions. How should we meet this challenge? At this stage, though, it is not realistic to establish a mandatory international regulator; However, the cooperation between financial regulatory agencies and financial regulatory guidance organizations is not only conducive to the unification of regulatory standards and the globalization of the financial industry, but also conducive to the ultimate realization of the unification of global financial supervision. At the present stage, the convergence of financial standards and the regulatory cooperation between different countries and regions are the most mainstream manifestations of the systematized development of financial supervision. The emphasis on cooperation is due to the fact that the financial industry has to face many kinds of complex transactions and risks arising from transnational financial activities in a time when financial institutions are so closely linked. Any country or region in the financial supervision alone can not meet the requirements of financial crisis prevention under the financial globalization. Combining macro-prudential supervision with micro-prudential supervision and promoting the integration of financial regulatory standards with the cooperation of relevant international organizations and national regulatory agencies is an effective means to control the systemic crisis. This measure is also recognized by international, regional and domestic regulatory mechanisms. The Committee on prudential Supervision in the United Kingdom, the Committee on systemic crises in the United States, The establishment and operation of the European Union's systemic crisis Committee and the Global Financial Stability Board have proved that it is necessary to establish a macro-financial supervision mechanism to prevent the systemic crisis. The convergence of financial regulatory standards is an important step to realize the above regulatory model. The requirements of international law for financial supervision, the unification of regional financial supervision standards, and the widespread popularization of soft guidance have contributed to the unified development of financial supervision standards. In keeping with the international trend, we have to think: how should China, when the financial industry begins to flourish, guard against it? It is a prerequisite for us to control the systemic crisis and maintain the stability of our financial market by analyzing the problems existing in the financial regulation system and the financial supervision mechanism of our country. How to adapt to the trend of international financial supervision reform in order to improve the level of financial supervision in China is also an important subject that needs to be studied. In a short period of time, the financial supervision mechanism of China's central bank as the center, the Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Banking Regulatory Commission and the Securities Regulatory Commission implementing separate supervision will not change, but the trend of mixed development of financial industry is becoming more and more obvious. In the face of this contradiction and the defects and loopholes existing in financial supervision in China, on the one hand, we should speed up the reform of domestic financial law and establish a communication mechanism between the Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Banking Regulatory Commission and the Securities Regulatory Commission. Strengthening the coordination among the three independent regulators; On the other hand, we need to strengthen international cooperation and work with other national and international financial regulators to avoid systemic risks.
【學位授予單位】：華東政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D996.2;D922.28
[Abstract]:With the arrival of the wave of financial globalization, the degree of financial openness has increased, and the relationship between markets has become increasingly close. All this brings a rare opportunity for the rapid development of global finance, but also implies the possibility of another large-scale outbreak of systemic crisis. Under the tide of financial globalization, the economic relations of various countries are becoming closer and closer: on the one hand, this is beneficial to the operation of capital; on the other hand, the situation of financial globalization has also brought the challenge of systemic crisis to the financial supervision of all countries and regions. How should we meet this challenge? At this stage, though, it is not realistic to establish a mandatory international regulator; However, the cooperation between financial regulatory agencies and financial regulatory guidance organizations is not only conducive to the unification of regulatory standards and the globalization of the financial industry, but also conducive to the ultimate realization of the unification of global financial supervision. At the present stage, the convergence of financial standards and the regulatory cooperation between different countries and regions are the most mainstream manifestations of the systematized development of financial supervision. The emphasis on cooperation is due to the fact that the financial industry has to face many kinds of complex transactions and risks arising from transnational financial activities in a time when financial institutions are so closely linked. Any country or region in the financial supervision alone can not meet the requirements of financial crisis prevention under the financial globalization. Combining macro-prudential supervision with micro-prudential supervision and promoting the integration of financial regulatory standards with the cooperation of relevant international organizations and national regulatory agencies is an effective means to control the systemic crisis. This measure is also recognized by international, regional and domestic regulatory mechanisms. The Committee on prudential Supervision in the United Kingdom, the Committee on systemic crises in the United States, The establishment and operation of the European Union's systemic crisis Committee and the Global Financial Stability Board have proved that it is necessary to establish a macro-financial supervision mechanism to prevent the systemic crisis. The convergence of financial regulatory standards is an important step to realize the above regulatory model. The requirements of international law for financial supervision, the unification of regional financial supervision standards, and the widespread popularization of soft guidance have contributed to the unified development of financial supervision standards. In keeping with the international trend, we have to think: how should China, when the financial industry begins to flourish, guard against it? It is a prerequisite for us to control the systemic crisis and maintain the stability of our financial market by analyzing the problems existing in the financial regulation system and the financial supervision mechanism of our country. How to adapt to the trend of international financial supervision reform in order to improve the level of financial supervision in China is also an important subject that needs to be studied. In a short period of time, the financial supervision mechanism of China's central bank as the center, the Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Banking Regulatory Commission and the Securities Regulatory Commission implementing separate supervision will not change, but the trend of mixed development of financial industry is becoming more and more obvious. In the face of this contradiction and the defects and loopholes existing in financial supervision in China, on the one hand, we should speed up the reform of domestic financial law and establish a communication mechanism between the Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Banking Regulatory Commission and the Securities Regulatory Commission. Strengthening the coordination among the three independent regulators; On the other hand, we need to strengthen international cooperation and work with other national and international financial regulators to avoid systemic risks.
【學位授予單位】：華東政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D996.2;D922.28
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