【摘要】：當前,恐怖主義犯罪在世界范圍內(nèi)層出不窮,2001年美國9·11事件后,許多國家都面臨著恐怖主義犯罪的嚴重威脅。我國同樣深受其害,20世紀90年代以來,“東突”恐怖勢力不斷制造暴力恐怖活動,嚴重影響了我國西部邊疆的穩(wěn)定和新疆各族人民的生命財產(chǎn)安全。恐怖主義犯罪不再是單純的國內(nèi)恐怖主義犯罪或者國際恐怖主義犯罪問題,需要國際社會通力合作共同預防和懲治。但是恐怖主義犯罪是一種非常復雜的犯罪現(xiàn)象,由于世界各國在政治、經(jīng)濟、文化等方面的差異,基于不同的立場和利益考量,對恐怖主義犯罪認識爭議差異很大。 研究恐怖主義犯罪的犯罪構成要件,特別是從我國的犯罪構成要件理論體系出發(fā)研究具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實意義。為了更好地認識和理解恐怖主義犯罪,與普通刑事犯罪一樣,可以從理論上分析恐怖主義犯罪的構成要件。本文以我國刑法學犯罪構成理論通說為基礎,采取比較研究和實證分析的方法,從理論上深入地分析了恐怖主義犯罪的四個構成要件,并提出了立法完善建議。具體體例安排如下: 第一部分,恐怖主義犯罪概念的界定。比較分析了國際反恐公約、區(qū)域性反恐公約、國內(nèi)反恐法相關概念的界定,指出了恐怖主義犯罪的基本特征。認為恐怖主義犯罪是指任何個人、組織或國家,以暴力或暴力威脅,殘害無辜,制造社會恐怖,以達到政治目的、宗教目的或其他社會目的,受國際法和國內(nèi)法禁止的犯罪行為。 第二部分,恐怖主義犯罪的客體要件。以各國國內(nèi)反恐立法理論與實踐為基礎,分析了恐怖主義犯罪的客體。認為恐怖主義犯罪行為表現(xiàn)形式與普通的刑事往往重疊,它是由多個具體犯罪構成的,因此恐怖主義犯罪的侵害客體應是一個復雜客體。同時,總結(jié)了恐怖主義犯罪的侵害對象的特點和反恐立法規(guī)定的各類恐怖主義犯罪侵害對象。 第三部分,恐怖主義犯罪的客觀方面要件。首先,以國際反恐公約、區(qū)域性反恐公約以及各國反恐法為基礎,歸納總結(jié)了恐怖主義犯罪行為的不同類別。其次,分析了恐怖主義犯罪的危害結(jié)果,包括人員傷亡、財產(chǎn)損失和社會恐怖三個實際損害。認為恐怖主義活動的危害結(jié)果最為顯著的特點是造成或可能造成嚴重的社會恐怖,是成立恐怖主義犯罪必備的結(jié)果要件。最后,分析了恐怖主義犯罪手段和實施時間、地點的特點。 第四部分,恐怖主義犯罪的主體要件。對個人、組織、單位、國家成為恐怖主義犯罪的主體的原因進行了分析。比較分析了一般犯罪組織、邪教組織、黑社會性質(zhì)組織與恐怖組織的關系,以及恐怖組織與民族解放運動、武裝部隊的區(qū)別。 第五部分,恐怖主義犯罪的主觀方面要件。主要研究了兩個問題:第一,比較分析了反恐公約和各國國內(nèi)反恐立法,指出恐怖主義犯罪的主觀方面是故意,主要是直接故意,但也不排除間接故意。第二,研究分析了恐怖主義犯罪的動機與目的。 結(jié)論部分。通過對恐怖主義犯罪概念的界定和恐怖主義犯罪四個犯罪要件的分析,結(jié)合我國的反恐形勢和立法現(xiàn)狀,提出了若干立法建議。
[Abstract]:At present, terrorism crime is emerging in an endless stream around the world. After the 9 / 11 event in the United States in 2001, many countries are facing a serious threat of terrorist crimes. Our country is also suffering from the same deep harm. Since 1990s, the terrorist forces of "East Turkistan" have constantly made violent terrorist activities, which have seriously affected the stability of the border areas in the west of China and Xinjiang. The life and property of the people of the ethnic group are safe. The crime of terrorism is no longer a purely domestic terrorism crime or a crime of international terrorism. It needs the international community to cooperate fully to prevent and punish it. But the crime of terrorism is a very complicated crime phenomenon, because the countries of the world are poor in political, economic and cultural aspects. Differences in understanding of terrorist crimes vary greatly based on different positions and interests.
It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the constitutive requirements of the crime of terrorism, especially the theoretical system of the constitutive elements of the crime in our country. In order to better understand and understand the crime of terrorism, like the common criminal crime, we can analyze the constitutive requirements of the terrorism crime in theory. On the basis of the theory of the constitution of law crime, the four elements of terrorism crime are analyzed in depth by comparative study and empirical analysis, and the suggestions for legislative perfection are put forward.
The first part is the definition of the concept of terrorism crime. It compares and analyzes the international counter-terrorism convention, the regional counter-terrorism Convention and the definition of the relevant concepts of the domestic counter-terrorism law, and points out the basic characteristics of the terrorism crime. It is considered that the crime of terrorism refers to any individual, organization or state, which is threatened by violence or violence, and is the cause of the destruction of innocent people and the creation of social terror. Criminal acts prohibited by international law or domestic law for political purposes, religious purposes or other social purposes.
The second part, the object of terrorism crime, based on the theory and practice of domestic counter-terrorism legislation, analyzes the object of terrorism crime. It thinks that the form of terrorism crime is overlapped with ordinary criminal, it is made up of several specific crimes, so the object of the terrorist crime should be one. At the same time, it summarizes the characteristics of the targets of terrorist crimes and the targets of various terrorist crimes stipulated by anti-terrorism legislation.
The third part, the objective elements of terrorism crime. First, based on the international counter-terrorism convention, regional counter-terrorism conventions and various countries' counter-terrorism law, the different categories of terrorist crimes are summed up. Secondly, the damage results of terrorist crimes are analyzed, including three actual conditions, including casualties, property losses and social terror. It is considered that the most significant characteristic of the consequences of terrorist activities is that it causes or may cause serious social terror, which is a necessary result of the establishment of terrorist crimes. Finally, the characteristics of the means of terrorism and the time and location of the crime are analyzed.
The fourth part, the main elements of the terrorism crime. The reasons for the individual, organization, unit and state to become the main body of the terrorism crime are analyzed. The general criminal organization, the cult organization, the relationship between the black society and the terrorist organization, and the difference between the terrorist organization and the national liberation movement and the armed forces are analyzed.
The fifth part, the subjective elements of terrorism crime, mainly studied two problems: first, compared and analyzed the anti-terrorism Convention and the domestic counter-terrorism legislation, and pointed out that the subjective aspects of the terrorism crime are intentional, mainly direct intentional, but also do not exclude indirect intention. Second, research and analysis of the motives and objectives of terrorist crimes. Yes.
In conclusion, through the definition of the concept of terrorism crime and the analysis of the four elements of terrorism crime, some legislative proposals are put forward in combination with the situation of counter-terrorism and the status of legislation in China.
【學位授予單位】：中國政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D997.9

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 覃婕;我國恐怖主義犯罪研究[D];廣西民族大學;2012年

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本文編號：2174297