本文選題：航運業(yè) + 碳減排��； 參考：《拉丁美洲研究》2017年01期

【摘要】：國際航運業(yè)碳減排立法發(fā)展的主要成果是在2011年通過修訂《國際防治船舶造成污染公約》附件六(MARPOL Annex VI),對國際航運業(yè)碳減排規(guī)定了技術(shù)和營運的措施,并于2014年和2016年再次進(jìn)行了修訂,進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大了技術(shù)措施的適用范圍并規(guī)定了強(qiáng)制性的排放數(shù)據(jù)收集要求。在立法過程中國際社會面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)是如何應(yīng)對發(fā)展中國家(包括方便旗發(fā)展中國家)與發(fā)達(dá)國家在是否適用"共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任原則"(CBDR原則)方面的利益對立。中國的基本立場是在航運業(yè)碳減排立法中適用CBDR原則,但中國面臨發(fā)展中國家地位受質(zhì)疑、國際話語權(quán)缺失、支持力量薄弱、觀點缺乏法理支撐、不得不適用MARPOL Annex VI的矛盾態(tài)度等障礙;主要拉美國家與中國的基本立場相似,但也存在國力薄弱、資金和技術(shù)力量不足、缺乏國際話語權(quán)等問題。中拉雙方在航運業(yè)碳減排立法領(lǐng)域的合作基礎(chǔ)深厚,但合作的深度和廣度有待發(fā)掘,應(yīng)當(dāng)在國際組織、區(qū)域及個別國家范圍內(nèi)開展合作。
[Abstract]:The main result of the development of international shipping industry carbon abatement legislation is that in 2011, through the revision of Annex VI of the International Convention for the Prevention and Control of pollution from ships, MARPOL Annex VI has stipulated technical and operational measures to reduce carbon emissions in the international shipping industry. They were revised again in 2014 and 2016 to further expand the scope of technical measures and provide for mandatory emission data collection requirements. The biggest challenge facing the international community in the legislative process is how to cope with the conflict between the interests of developing countries (including flag of convenience developing countries) and developed countries in the application of the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and the principle of CBDR. China's basic position is to apply the CBDR principle to the shipping industry's carbon abatement legislation. However, China faces challenges to its status as a developing country, lack of international voice, weak support, and lack of legal support. The main Latin American countries share similar basic positions with China, but there are also problems such as weak national strength, insufficient funds and technology, and lack of international discourse power. The cooperation between China and Latin America in the field of carbon abatement legislation in shipping industry has a deep foundation, but the depth and breadth of the cooperation need to be explored, which should be carried out in international organizations, regions and individual countries.
【作者單位】： 廈門大學(xué)南海研究院;
【分類號】：D996.9

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