本文選題：財政發(fā)行行為 + 國際貨幣權(quán)��； 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：2008年從美國爆發(fā)的次貸危機迅速發(fā)展成為蔓延全球的金融危機,為了應(yīng)對金融危機,美國政府實行了量化寬松的貨幣政策,通過財政發(fā)行美元來救濟風(fēng)暴中的金融企業(yè)。美元的財政發(fā)行行為是美國量化寬松貨幣政策的表現(xiàn)形式。從金融危機爆發(fā)以來,美國采取了兩輪量化寬松的貨幣政策。第一輪量化寬松政策,美聯(lián)儲創(chuàng)造了超過一萬億的美元儲備,而從2010年11月開始的第二次量化寬松政策(QE2)則是計劃到2011年6月底前,由美聯(lián)儲購買6000億的美國國債。 美國政府的這樣的救市措施實質(zhì)損害到了持有美元及美元財產(chǎn)持有人的利益。但是由于傳統(tǒng)民法理論認為:貨幣是屬于財產(chǎn)權(quán)的范疇,其流通轉(zhuǎn)讓是財產(chǎn)權(quán)利的讓棄。而我們認為,美國財政發(fā)行的貨幣不僅僅是民法范疇內(nèi)的貨幣,還是國際經(jīng)濟(金融)法上的世界貨幣,它也有其屬于國際經(jīng)濟法的權(quán)利——國際貨幣權(quán),涉及到關(guān)于剩余價值的分享權(quán)利,是以貨幣形態(tài)存在的資本,在其尚不稀缺的情形下,有權(quán)參與剩余價值的利益以及增值利益的分配權(quán)利。即主權(quán)貨幣成為世界貨幣的時候,不僅有民法上的相關(guān)財產(chǎn)權(quán)利,而且還擁有國際經(jīng)濟(金融)法上的保值增值權(quán)利。 面對美國的濫用其主權(quán)貨幣地位的行為,目前所采取的措施歸納起來有三點:其一為國際貨幣基金組織的內(nèi)部制約,通過國際貨幣基金組織的改革,減少美國對國際貨幣基金組織的干涉;其二為歐元的競爭,通過國際貨幣市場上對歐元競爭的保護,促進歐元的發(fā)展壯大來制衡美元的霸權(quán)地位;其三則是中國央行行長周小川提出的在國際貨幣基金組織的特別提款權(quán)(SDR)基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展超主權(quán)儲備貨幣制度的構(gòu)想。但是以上措施都存在自身的不足,我們認為建立起以經(jīng)濟法為主導(dǎo)的國際經(jīng)濟新模式,明確國際增量利益的增漲和分配才是解決濫用貨幣主權(quán)的最終途徑。
[Abstract]:The subprime mortgage crisis that broke out in the United States in 2008 developed rapidly into a global financial crisis. In order to cope with the financial crisis, the United States government implemented the monetary policy of quantitative easing and issued US dollars to relieve financial enterprises in the storm. Dollar financial issuance is the form of quantitative easing monetary policy in the United States. Since the outbreak of the financial crisis, the United States has adopted two rounds of quantitative easing monetary policy. In the first round of quantitative easing, the Fed created more than $1 trillion in reserves, while QE2, which began in November 2010, plans to buy 600 billion U.S. Treasuries by the end of June 2011. The U.S. government's rescue measures have substantially hurt holders of dollars and dollar assets. But because the traditional civil law theory thinks: the currency belongs to the property right category, its circulation transfer is the property right abdication. And we think that the money issued by the United States is not only the currency in the civil law, but also the world currency in the international economic (financial) law. It also has its rights under international economic law-the right to international money. When it comes to the right to share surplus value, it is the capital in the form of money. Under the condition that it is not scarce, it has the right to participate in the benefit of surplus value and the right to distribute the value added. When the sovereign currency becomes the world currency, it not only has the property rights in civil law, but also has the right to maintain and increase value in international economic (financial) law. In the face of the abuse by the United States of its sovereign monetary status, there are three main points in the current measures: first, the internal constraints of the International Monetary Fund and the adoption of the reform of the International Monetary Fund. The second is the competition of the euro, the protection of the euro competition in the international money market, and the promotion of the development of the euro to counterbalance the hegemonic position of the dollar. The third is the idea of developing a super-sovereign reserve currency system based on the International Monetary Fund's Special drawing Rights (SDR) proposed by China's central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan. However, the above measures have their own shortcomings. We believe that the ultimate way to solve the abuse of monetary sovereignty is to establish a new model of international economy dominated by economic law and to clarify the increase and distribution of international incremental interests.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：F817.12;D996.1

【參考文獻】

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1 本報記者 賀江兵;[N];華夏時報;2010年

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本文編號：1934273