本文選題：歸零法 + 傾銷幅度��； 參考：《中國政法大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：傾銷與反傾銷一直是國際貿(mào)易中的熱點話題,其中美國商務(wù)部在反傾銷實踐中使用“歸零法”計算傾銷幅度更成為國際社會爭議的焦點。在WTO爭端解決機制下,“歸零法”本身及其適用成為各國訴爭的對象,同時也多次被專家組和上訴機構(gòu)裁定為違法。但是,以美國為代表的少數(shù)國家置WTO爭端解決機構(gòu)的裁定于不顧,違背國際社會普遍意愿,繼續(xù)在反傾銷過程中使用“歸零法”。“歸零法”適用范圍遍及初始調(diào)查和行政復(fù)審各個階段,其形式也變化多端,藉此來掩蓋其違法的本質(zhì)。由于《反傾銷協(xié)定》自身規(guī)定比較模糊,同時又未明確“歸零法”的適用問題,這也為美國繼續(xù)肆無忌憚使用“歸零法”提供了借口。要徹底廢止“歸零法”,就必須在多邊貿(mào)易談判中對《反傾銷協(xié)定》進行修訂,明確禁止各種形式的“歸零法”。如今正處于多哈回合多邊貿(mào)易談判階段,我們寄希望通過多哈回合談判國際社會能就“歸零法”問題達成一致,在《反傾銷協(xié)定》中對“歸零法”給以明確定性。 本文主要探討“歸零法”在反傾銷實踐中出現(xiàn)的法律問題,對“歸零法”的具體適用進行深入分析,通過案例及法理分析的方法對“歸零法”予以定性,并以此為基礎(chǔ),探尋解決“歸零法”問題的途徑。 在文章結(jié)構(gòu)上,本文共四章。 第一章,首先對“歸零法”的概念、種類及其本質(zhì)進行了介紹,然后對《反傾銷協(xié)定》下與“歸零法”有關(guān)的幾個重要概念進行解讀。 第二章,介紹了“歸零法”在各國反傾銷實踐中的適用情況。重點分析了美國對“歸零法”的使用狀況,同時探討美國國內(nèi)法中相關(guān)法律支持。 第三章,本章將通過典型案例來對“歸零法”進行法理分析。首先闡述了從GATT時代到WTO時代專家組對“歸零法”態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變過程。接著,重點分析在WTO爭端解決機制下專家組和上訴機構(gòu)對“歸零法”合法性的界定,同時了解“歸零法”的最新發(fā)展情況。最后我還對WTO爭端解決機構(gòu)裁定的效力及相關(guān)“歸零法”案件的實踐情況進行了梳理、分析。 第四章,探討了在禁止“歸零法”道路上所遇到的困難,同時對如何消除“歸零法”進行了分析與探討。
[Abstract]:Dumping and anti-dumping have always been hot topics in international trade. In the practice of anti-dumping, the U.S. Department of Commerce uses "zero method" to calculate dumping margin, which has become the focus of international disputes. Under the dispute settlement mechanism of WTO, the "Zero return Law" itself and its application have become the object of litigation in various countries, and have also been ruled illegal by the panel of experts and the appellate body many times. However, a small number of countries represented by the United States ignored the ruling of the WTO dispute settlement body and continued to use the zeroing law in the process of anti-dumping against the general will of the international community. The zeroing law covers all stages of the initial investigation and administrative review, and its forms vary from one stage to another, thereby masking the nature of the violation. Since the provisions of the Anti-Dumping Agreement itself are rather vague, and at the same time there is no clear application of the "Zero return Law", this also provides an excuse for the United States to continue to use the "Zero return Law" unscrupulously. In order to repeal the Zero return Law completely, we must amend the Anti-Dumping Agreement in multilateral trade negotiations and explicitly prohibit all forms of the Zero return Law. Now that we are in the Doha round of multilateral trade negotiations, we hope that through the Doha Round negotiations, the international community can agree on the issue of "return to zero" and give certainty to the "return to zero law" in the "Anti-dumping Agreement". This paper mainly discusses the legal problems in the practice of "returning to Zero" in antidumping practice, and makes a deep analysis of the concrete application of the "returning to Zero method", and makes a qualitative analysis of the method of "returning to Zero" through the method of case and legal theory analysis, and based on it, To find a way to solve the problem of "return to zero". In the structure of the article, there are four chapters. In the first chapter, we introduce the concept, category and essence of "Zero-Returning method", and then interpret several important concepts related to "Zero-Returning method" under the "Anti-dumping Agreement". Chapter two introduces the application of Zero-return method in anti-dumping practice. This paper mainly analyzes the use of the return to Zero Act in the United States, and probes into the relevant legal support in the domestic laws of the United States. Chapter three, this chapter will carry on the legal principle analysis to the return to zero method through the typical case. Firstly, the paper expounds the process of the change of the attitude of the expert group from the GATT era to the WTO era to the "return to zero" method. Then, this paper analyzes the definition of the legality of the zeroing method by panel and appellate bodies under the WTO dispute settlement mechanism, and understands the latest development of the zeroing law. Finally, I sort out and analyze the validity of the WTO dispute settlement body's ruling and the practice of the relevant "Zero-to-Zero" cases. In the fourth chapter, the paper discusses the difficulties encountered in the road of prohibiting "returning to zero", and analyzes and probes into how to eliminate "return to zero".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D996.1

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