本文選題：國(guó)際 + 原子能　； 參考：《中國(guó)政法大學(xué)》2011年博士論文

【摘要】：國(guó)際原子能法可否作為國(guó)際法一個(gè)分支來(lái)研究?這個(gè)問(wèn)題還沒(méi)有一個(gè)確切的答案。核能利用自1945年始用于軍事,在科技發(fā)展史上僅經(jīng)歷六十多年,卻已引起人類對(duì)安全的憂慮,同時(shí)也看到能源的希望。人類在削減核武器和防范核擴(kuò)散的努力中,謹(jǐn)慎而又無(wú)可阻擋地推動(dòng)核能和平利用來(lái)造福社會(huì)。核能利用對(duì)軍事實(shí)力、國(guó)際形勢(shì)、科技發(fā)展和工業(yè)應(yīng)用所帶來(lái)的革命性影響超過(guò)目前其它技術(shù)應(yīng)用可能達(dá)到的水平�？萍几锩蛧�(guó)際形勢(shì)發(fā)展迫切需要建立新的國(guó)際規(guī)則來(lái)迎接新的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)。建立這個(gè)規(guī)則的需求從聯(lián)合國(guó)成立之初就成為熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題,最初成果就是聯(lián)合國(guó)原子能委員會(huì)的登場(chǎng)。而核能規(guī)制相關(guān)國(guó)際法律從上個(gè)世紀(jì)50年代末開(kāi)始,不斷地提醒世界各國(guó)在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與和平,發(fā)展與安全的選擇下,該如何對(duì)待核能這個(gè)充滿魅力同時(shí)又帶來(lái)危險(xiǎn)感的新技術(shù)。五十多年來(lái),具有廣泛影響力的《不擴(kuò)散核武器條約》、《全面禁止核試驗(yàn)條約》和《核安全條約》等五十多個(gè)核能利用相關(guān)國(guó)際條約陸續(xù)締結(jié),還有大量的核能雙邊協(xié)議、國(guó)際核安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和導(dǎo)則等文件接踵誕生,人類對(duì)核能利用的規(guī)制持續(xù)不斷,以應(yīng)對(duì)不斷產(chǎn)生的新的問(wèn)題。 本文試圖從國(guó)際法的角度,對(duì)整個(gè)核能利用的國(guó)際法律制度,以“國(guó)際原子能法”的命名,做一次嘗試性、框架性的研究。全文按總、分結(jié)構(gòu),從內(nèi)涵的分析和到外延的展示,勾畫出國(guó)際原子能法的基本輪廓。 導(dǎo)論部分是對(duì)本文命題的詮釋。提出命題,闡述現(xiàn)狀,表明思路,規(guī)劃結(jié)構(gòu),同時(shí)預(yù)示本項(xiàng)研究的理論創(chuàng)新和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 總則包括漸進(jìn)展開(kāi)的四章。第一章從核科技概念的引入到社會(huì)意義上核能利用國(guó)際關(guān)系的展開(kāi),權(quán)衡核能利用的利與弊,希望與困惑,收益與風(fēng)險(xiǎn),說(shuō)明核能利用國(guó)際關(guān)系是極具戰(zhàn)略意義的國(guó)際社會(huì)關(guān)系。第二章從傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際法研究維度將國(guó)際原子能法概念分化解讀,分別闡述其定義、淵源、特點(diǎn)和原則、制定和實(shí)施。繼而與其它國(guó)際法的分支法相比較,結(jié)合上述屬性,提出將國(guó)際原子能法作為國(guó)際法的分支法研究的理論依據(jù)。第三章是對(duì)國(guó)際原子能法的法律主體進(jìn)行解析,除了明確國(guó)家的權(quán)力、義務(wù)和責(zé)任,著重分析國(guó)際組織和“人”的主體特殊性。第四章是對(duì)本文選題之回應(yīng),提出國(guó)際原子能法三分法的框架結(jié)構(gòu),即國(guó)際原子能組織法、國(guó)際核不擴(kuò)散法和國(guó)際核能和平利用法的分類方式。并對(duì)國(guó)際原子能法研究對(duì)象進(jìn)行概要介紹。 分則系平行獨(dú)立的三章,第五章到第七章分別對(duì)國(guó)際原子能組織法、國(guó)際核不擴(kuò)散法和國(guó)際核能和平利用法的構(gòu)成、定義、子目和重要核能國(guó)際法律的概要介紹,將國(guó)際原子能法的分類展示清楚。結(jié)論得出:法律界應(yīng)當(dāng)建立和完善國(guó)際原子能法的國(guó)際法學(xué)研究。 本文的兩個(gè)附件是國(guó)際原子能法條約列表和國(guó)際原子能法相關(guān)大事記,直觀介紹該領(lǐng)域的國(guó)際法律總括和歷史進(jìn)程。
[Abstract]:Can the International Atomic Energy Law be studied as a branch of international law? There is no exact answer to this question. The use of nuclear energy has been used since 1945, only more than 60 years in the history of science and technology, but it has caused concern for human security and the hope of energy. Human beings are cutting nuclear weapons and preventing nuclear proliferation. The revolutionary impact of nuclear energy on military strength, the international situation, the development of science and technology and industrial applications is more revolutionary than the possible levels of other technology applications. The technological revolution and international development are urgently needed to establish new international rules. To meet new opportunities and challenges, the demand for this rule has become a hot issue at the beginning of the founding of the United Nations. The initial result was the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission, which began in the late 50s of last century, constantly reminding the countries of the world in the choice of war and peace, development and security. For more than fifty years, more than 50 international nuclear energy use related treaties, such as the Treaty on the non proliferation of nuclear weapons, the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty and the nuclear safety treaty, have been concluded in succession, and there are a large number of bilateral agreements on nuclear energy and international nuclear safety standards. And guidelines and other documents came into being. The regulation of the use of nuclear energy by human beings continued to cope with new problems.
This article attempts to make a tentative and framework study on the international legal system of the whole nuclear energy utilization and the naming of the "International Atomic Energy Law" from the perspective of international law. The text outlines the basic outline of the International Atomic Energy Law in accordance with the general and sub structure, from the analysis of the connotation and to the display of the extension.
The introduction is the interpretation of the proposition. It puts forward the proposition, expounds the present situation, indicates the train of thought and the planning structure, and predicts the theoretical and practical significance of the research.
The general principle includes four chapters. The first chapter, from the introduction of the concept of nuclear science and technology to the social significance of nuclear energy use international relations, weighs the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear energy utilization, hopes and puzzles, profits and risks, and shows that the international relations of nuclear energy use is a very strategic international social relationship. The second chapter is from the traditional international law research dimension. The definition, the origin, the characteristics and the principles of the International Atomic Energy Law are interpreted and interpreted respectively. Then, it is compared with the branch law of other international laws, and combines the above attributes, and puts forward the theoretical basis for the study of the International Atomic Energy Law as a branch of international law. The third chapter is the legal subject of the International Atomic Energy Law. In addition to defining the powers, obligations and responsibilities of the state, the analysis focuses on the analysis of the subject particularity of the international organization and the "man". The fourth chapter is the response to the topic of this article, and puts forward the framework of the International Atomic Energy Law (IAEA), namely the International Atomic Energy Organization Law, the international nuclear non-proliferation law and the international nuclear and flat profit usage. The research object of atomic energy method is briefly introduced.
The sub rules are parallel and independent three chapters, and the fifth to the seventh chapter respectively introduces the International Atomic Energy Organization Law, the international nuclear non-proliferation law and the international nuclear energy and the use of nuclear energy, the definition, sublist and the international law of nuclear energy. The classification of International Atomic Energy Law is clearly demonstrated. The conclusion is that the legal community should establish and improve the international original. The international jurisprudential study of the law of sub energy.
The two annex of this article is the list of International Atomic Energy Law Treaties and international atomic energy law related memorabilia.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D999.2

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