發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-17 12:43

  本文選題：跨界環(huán)境損害責(zé)任 + 制度成本�。� 參考：《時(shí)代法學(xué)》2011年02期

【摘要】：跨界環(huán)境損害的通常含義是指跨過國家邊界線的物理存在或溢出造成的損害。污染方責(zé)任的確定首先應(yīng)該考慮直接決定污染的因素,包括預(yù)防措施及恢復(fù)原狀的成本和合理反應(yīng)措施的費(fèi)用。前者指符合成本效益的費(fèi)用,即建立和維持集體行動制度的成本。后者是在確定這樣的救濟(jì)時(shí),核心問題應(yīng)該是合理和謹(jǐn)慎的主權(quán)國家或其代理人為減輕污染造成的損害而將采取的步驟,并同時(shí)注意技術(shù)可行性、有害的負(fù)作用以及這種再生過程的兼容性或其重疊性,以及在多大程度上這種努力超出了某一點(diǎn)變得多余或過于昂貴。其次需要考慮的是間接決定污染的因素,包括人身、財(cái)產(chǎn)與環(huán)境的損害。另外,在判斷受害國的哪些損害應(yīng)由加害國承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任的問題上,需要考慮的另外一種情況是損害不是單純由不法行為引起的,而是由并存的原因引起的。還有一個(gè)促成損害的問題需要考慮。
[Abstract]:Transboundary environmental harm is usually defined as damage caused by physical presence or spillover across the national boundary line.The responsibility of the polluter should be determined first by considering the factors that directly determine the pollution, including the cost of prevention and restitution and the cost of reasonable response measures.The former refers to the cost-effective cost, that is, the cost of establishing and maintaining a system of collective action.The latter being the steps to be taken by reasonable and cautious sovereign States or their agents to mitigate the damage caused by pollution, while paying attention to the technical feasibility, in determining such relief,Harmful negative effects, the compatibility or overlap of the regeneration process, and the extent to which such efforts go beyond what becomes superfluous or too expensive.The next thing to consider is the indirect determinants of pollution, including personal, property and environmental damage.In addition, in determining which harm of the injured State should be held liable by the injured State, another situation to be considered was that the harm was not caused solely by the wrongful act, but by a coexisting cause.There is also a question of contributing to the damage that needs to be considered.
【作者單位】： 廣東商學(xué)院法學(xué)院;
【基金】：教育部人文社會科學(xué)青年項(xiàng)目“跨界環(huán)境損害的國家責(zé)任研究”(項(xiàng)目編號:08JC820009)資助
【分類號】：D99
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本文編號：1763656