發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-14 05:42

  本文選題：外層空間 + 爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人類科技的進(jìn)步，外空活動(dòng)日益頻繁。國(guó)家不再是外空活動(dòng)的唯一主體，私人資本開(kāi)始登上外空活動(dòng)的舞臺(tái)。傳統(tǒng)以國(guó)家為中心的外空爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制不能滿足外空活動(dòng)發(fā)展的需要。外空爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制亟待變革。本文將就外空爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制變革問(wèn)題的方方面面進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的分析與論證。 從理論角度來(lái)看，傳統(tǒng)的外空爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制不能適應(yīng)外層空間活動(dòng)商業(yè)化和私營(yíng)化的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，且由于本身規(guī)定的不足亟待新的變革。研究外空爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制可能的變革方向，對(duì)各種理論進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的整理，有助于理清外空爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制發(fā)展的脈絡(luò)，找到最適合解決外空爭(zhēng)端的方法。常設(shè)仲裁法院的《外空活動(dòng)爭(zhēng)端任擇性仲裁規(guī)則》為實(shí)現(xiàn)外空爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制的變革找到了突破口。但是國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題重視不足。對(duì)此問(wèn)題的一個(gè)全面研究有助于掌握常設(shè)仲裁法院解決外空爭(zhēng)端的法律機(jī)制，，同時(shí)能夠?qū)χ袊?guó)利用國(guó)際仲裁解決外空爭(zhēng)端提出意見(jiàn)和建議。 從實(shí)踐角度來(lái)看，傳統(tǒng)的外空爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制由于規(guī)定的過(guò)于原則性，造成可操作性不強(qiáng)，這套機(jī)制運(yùn)行50多年以來(lái)幾乎沒(méi)有被使用過(guò)（唯一的一個(gè)案例“宇宙954號(hào)案件”并沒(méi)有啟動(dòng)其中具有法律性質(zhì)的求償委員會(huì)的程序）。而常設(shè)仲裁法院出臺(tái)的這套《仲裁規(guī)則》則具有實(shí)踐上的可操作性，研究這套《仲裁規(guī)則》有助于建立一套真正可被使用的外空爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制，并能夠有針對(duì)性的提出中國(guó)在面對(duì)這種情況所能夠選擇的對(duì)策。 本文將采取國(guó)際法研究領(lǐng)域中的多種研究方法，全面的分析傳統(tǒng)外空爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制，整理出外空爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制變革的方向并分析其合理性。在此基礎(chǔ)上研究常設(shè)仲裁法院建立的外空爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制，分析其法律基礎(chǔ)和運(yùn)行模式。最后將就我國(guó)如何善用這套爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制以及如何參與外空爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制的變革提出自己的意見(jiàn)。 總的來(lái)說(shuō)，常設(shè)仲裁法院通過(guò)的《外空活動(dòng)爭(zhēng)端任擇性仲裁規(guī)則》是公平合理的解決外空爭(zhēng)端的有效手段。它不僅解決了傳統(tǒng)外空爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制以國(guó)家為唯一主體的弊端，同時(shí)兼顧了效率與公平。這一爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制值得我國(guó)廣大國(guó)際法學(xué)者與航天業(yè)從業(yè)者認(rèn)真的研究與合理的應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:With the progress of human science and technology, outer space activities become more and more frequent.The state is no longer the sole subject of outer space activities, and private capital is beginning to take place in outer space activities.The traditional state-centered dispute settlement mechanism for outer space cannot meet the needs of the development of outer space activities.The dispute settlement mechanism in outer space needs to be reformed.This paper will make detailed analysis and argumentation on all aspects of the reform of outer space dispute settlement mechanism.From a theoretical point of view, the traditional outer space dispute settlement mechanism can not adapt to the trend of commercialization and privatization of outer space activities, and needs new changes because of its own deficiencies.It is helpful to clarify the development of outer space dispute settlement mechanism and to find the most suitable way to settle the dispute in outer space by studying the possible change direction of outer space dispute settlement mechanism and systematically arranging various theories.The optional Arbitration rules for disputes in Outer Space activities of the permanent Court of Arbitration find a breakthrough for the reform of the dispute settlement mechanism in outer space.But domestic and foreign scholars pay less attention to this problem.A comprehensive study of this issue will help to grasp the legal mechanism of the permanent Court of Arbitration for the settlement of outer space disputes, and at the same time, it will be able to put forward opinions and suggestions on the use of international arbitration in the settlement of outer space disputes by China.From a practical point of view, the traditional dispute settlement mechanism for outer space is not operable because of its excessively principled nature.This mechanism has hardly been used in more than 50 years of operation (the only case, case Cosmos 954), did not initiate the proceedings of the claims Commission, which is of a legal nature.The set of arbitration rules issued by the permanent Court of Arbitration is practical and the study of the Arbitration rules is conducive to the establishment of a truly usable mechanism for the settlement of disputes in outer space.And can be targeted to put forward China in the face of this situation can choose the countermeasures.This paper will adopt a variety of research methods in the field of international law, analyze the traditional dispute settlement mechanism in outer space comprehensively, sort out the direction of the transformation of the dispute settlement mechanism in outer space and analyze its rationality.On this basis, this paper studies the outer space dispute settlement mechanism established by the permanent Court of Arbitration, and analyzes its legal basis and operation mode.Finally, we will put forward our own opinions on how to make good use of the dispute settlement mechanism and how to participate in the transformation of the outer space dispute settlement mechanism.In general, the optional Arbitration rules for disputes in Outer Space activities adopted by the permanent Court of Arbitration are an effective and fair means of resolving disputes in outer space.It not only solves the drawback of the traditional outer space dispute settlement mechanism that the state is the sole subject, but also gives consideration to the efficiency and fairness.This dispute settlement mechanism is worthy of our country's international law scholars and spaceflight practitioners to study and apply rationally.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D999.1

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