本文關(guān)鍵詞：環(huán)保NGO參與公共環(huán)境安全事件應(yīng)對(duì)研究　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：近年來(lái),我國(guó)的環(huán)境形勢(shì)越發(fā)嚴(yán)峻,公共環(huán)境安全事件的總量不斷上升,對(duì)人類(lèi)的公共環(huán)境安全造成了極大的威脅。政府作為公共環(huán)境安全事件的應(yīng)對(duì)主體,其主導(dǎo)地位無(wú)可替代。但由于當(dāng)前環(huán)境領(lǐng)域存在著政府失靈的弊端,單純依靠政府已經(jīng)無(wú)法完全應(yīng)對(duì)當(dāng)前的環(huán)境形勢(shì)。我國(guó)環(huán)保NGO作為新興力量,已經(jīng)具備了環(huán)境事件參與應(yīng)對(duì)的能力,它作為協(xié)同治理主體之一,能夠彌補(bǔ)政府在公共環(huán)境安全事件中參與主體單一性不足,同時(shí)還能監(jiān)督政府履行環(huán)保職責(zé),為政府與公眾之間搭建信息交流的平臺(tái),提高環(huán)境事件的應(yīng)對(duì)能力。目前中國(guó)的環(huán)保NGO參與公共環(huán)境安全事件主要借助于參與影響政府立法決策議程、對(duì)破壞環(huán)境的行為提起公益訴訟等方式來(lái)進(jìn)行。本文采用個(gè)案研究法,選取公共環(huán)境安全事件的典型案例進(jìn)行分析,明確其在參與過(guò)程中存在著知識(shí)專(zhuān)業(yè)性不足、參與手段單一、缺乏事前參與及政策參與形式化、獨(dú)立性不足、資金缺乏、公眾不支持等一系列問(wèn)題,進(jìn)一步分析得出其主要原因在于環(huán)保NGO組織專(zhuān)業(yè)人員較少、政府參與程序保障不足以及政府在環(huán)保NGO的登記注冊(cè)、資金支持、法律訴訟等方面配套制度不完善、公眾環(huán)保意識(shí)較低。接著采用經(jīng)驗(yàn)借鑒法,在借鑒國(guó)外典型國(guó)家環(huán)保NGO參與應(yīng)對(duì)公共環(huán)境安全事件經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,提出對(duì)完善我國(guó)環(huán)保NGO參與應(yīng)對(duì)公共環(huán)境安全事件的對(duì)策建議。文章的主體結(jié)構(gòu)分為六個(gè)部分,第三至第六部分則為論文的主干部分。第三部分主要介紹了當(dāng)前我國(guó)公共環(huán)境安全事件應(yīng)對(duì)現(xiàn)狀及不足。第四部分則主要介紹了我國(guó)環(huán)保NGO參與公共環(huán)境安全事件應(yīng)對(duì)及問(wèn)題,對(duì)其在參與應(yīng)對(duì)中的問(wèn)題,則通過(guò)選取公共環(huán)境安全事件典型案例加以分析,進(jìn)而明確其原因。第五部分則介紹了國(guó)外典型國(guó)家環(huán)保NGO參與應(yīng)對(duì)公共環(huán)境安全事件的經(jīng)驗(yàn),從中得到啟示。最后一部分則是提出對(duì)完善我國(guó)環(huán)保NGO參與應(yīng)對(duì)公共環(huán)境安全事件的對(duì)策建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's environmental situation is more severe, the total amount of public environmental safety events continue to rise, threaten the public security environment of human beings. The government as a response to the main event of public environmental safety, its leading status is irreplaceable. But due to the current environment there are drawbacks of government failure, the government has been unable to rely on complete response to the current environmental situation of China's environmental protection. NGO as a new force, have the ability to participate in response to environmental events, it is one of the main body of collaborative governance, can make up for the government in the event of public participation in environmental safety of single main defects, but also supervise the government implementation of environmental responsibilities, set up information exchange between the government and the public the platform, improve the environmental emergency response capacity. At present Chinese environmental NGO in the event of public environmental safety mainly depend on the participation. Sound agenda for government legislative decision, for acts of destruction of the environment public interest litigation etc. This paper adopts the method of case study, analyzes the typical case selection events of public environmental safety, clarify its participation in the process of insufficient professional knowledge, participation means a single, lack of participation and advance policy in the formal independence lack of funds, lack of public support, a series of problems, further analysis shows that the main reason is that environmental protection NGO professional organizations involved in the program is less, inadequate protection and the government in environmental protection NGO registered capital in support of the government, legal and other aspects of supporting system is not perfect, the public awareness of environmental protection is low. Then using the experience method on the basis of typical foreign countries, environmental protection NGO in dealing with the public environmental safety event experience, put forward to improve the environmental NGO in China in response to the public Suggestions were environmental security incidents. The main structure of this paper is divided into six parts, third to the sixth part is the main part of the paper. The third part mainly introduces the current situation of public security incident response and environment in our country. The fourth part mainly introduces the environmental NGO in China to participate in the public security incident response and environmental problems for, in dealing with the problems in the selection of public environmental safety incidents through typical case analysis, and then clear the reason. The fifth part introduces the foreign typical national environmental NGO in dealing with the public environmental safety event experience, get inspiration. The last part is put forward suggestions and countermeasures to improve the environmental protection NGO our country in dealing with the public environmental security incidents.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D996.9

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