發(fā)布時間：2018-04-24 05:05

  本文選題：公司名稱 + 公司名稱權��； 參考：《中央民族大學》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】：任何一個公司都應該有自己的名稱,就像每一個自然人都有自己的姓名一樣。公司名稱是公司人格獨立和特定化的具體體現(xiàn),是公司設立登記、從事生產經營活動,并享有權利承擔義務的基本條件。由于公司名稱對于公司而言具有重要的法律意義,公司名稱也上升為公司所擁有的一項重要權利——公司名稱權,并受到法律的保護。正是基于以上原因,商品經濟起萌較早以及市場經濟比較發(fā)達的國家很早就開始重視對公司名稱權的保護與規(guī)范,關于公司名稱的保護也比較完備。我國現(xiàn)行的涉及公司名稱的法律法規(guī)主要有《民法通則》、《公司法》、《反不正當競爭法》、《公司登記管理條例》、《企業(yè)法人登記管理條例》、《企業(yè)名稱登記管理規(guī)定》、《企業(yè)名稱登記管理實施辦法》。表面上看來,我國對公司名稱權的保護與規(guī)范已經形成一個初步的法律框架,但是仔細研究就會發(fā)現(xiàn),在這些法律法規(guī)及規(guī)章的規(guī)定中,對公司名稱權的保護大多都只是原則性和程序性的規(guī)定,根本無法達到保護公司名稱權的目的。 此外,當前我國法學界也沒有專門研究公司名稱權的法律保護問題。由于傳統(tǒng)的計劃經濟體制觀念,大多都只研究了企業(yè)名稱權的法律保護問題,因為公司作為企業(yè)形態(tài)的一種,當然可以適用企業(yè)名稱保護的相關規(guī)定。但是,就企業(yè)名稱權法律保護問題的研究也未有一本專著,其它的相關研究也僅有幾篇刊登在法學期刊上的學術論文而已。對于與公司名稱權密切聯(lián)系的商號權,學者們雖然也做了一些探討,但是由于我國學者對企業(yè)名稱和商號區(qū)分的模糊性,對商號權保護的研究也與企業(yè)名稱權的保護基本雷同。但是不管是對企業(yè)名稱權還是商號權的研究,學者們對此問題的研究都集中在大的立法和制度框架中,沒有深入到具體的權利內容層面上去研究,所以提出的完善建議也缺乏可操作性,這不得不說是一個缺陷。本文在研究此問題時,認為大概的思路應該是：要研究公司名稱權的保護,首先應該分析其權利的內容,然后從其作為一項權利在權利內容各個方面存在的保護不足進行探討并提出建議,真正達到全面保護公司名稱權的目的。 本文分為五個部分,總計3萬4千余字。第一部分對公司名稱及公司名稱權做了詳細的概述。首先介紹了我國立法中及學者們對公司名稱的不同稱謂,在分析這些稱謂的混雜使用后,提出應在公司相關法律領域內統(tǒng)一使用公司名稱這個稱謂,進而為全面保護公司名稱提供一個明確的基本概念。在此基礎上,綜合公司名稱的本質,將公司名稱定義為：公司名稱是公司依法取得的名稱,是公司在從事經營活動時,區(qū)別與其他企業(yè)的標志性名稱,是公司在從事經營行為時所使用的唯一的特定稱呼。在界定完公司名稱的涵義后,探討了公司名稱的四個特征。即：依法性、營業(yè)性、標志性、單一性。其次對公司名稱權的涵義、特征及其權利內容做了界定。本文基于前述探討將公司名稱權界定為：公司依法對自己的名稱享有設定、取得、使用、變更、轉讓并排除他人損害的權利,然后探討了公司名稱權的三個特征。為全面保護名稱權,將其權利內容界定為五個部分,即設定權、取得權、使用權、變更權、轉讓權。 第二部分從公司名稱設定權這一基礎的權利內容著手,開始詳細探討公司名稱權保護所存在的不足并提出完善建議。首先,對于公司名稱設定權,建議立法取消在公司名稱中必須冠以行政區(qū)劃和行業(yè)的限制性規(guī)定,并建議我國應采取字號+組織形式的名稱構成模式。其次,對于公司名稱取得權,建議將我國單一的依注冊登記取得公司名稱權的方式改革為以注冊登記取得為主,以在先使用取得為輔的公司名稱取得方式；并將禁止混淆原則作為排除公司取得名稱權的標準。第三,對于公司名稱使用權,本文共提出四點建議,即：1.加強《反不正當競爭法》對公司名稱使用權的保護；2.將公司名稱權明確為在先權利加以保護；3.立法應明確規(guī)定公司名稱權的許可使用；4.賦予公司登記機關更改侵權方公司名稱的權力。第四,對于公司名稱變更權,建議在立法中明確公司名稱變更權行使的限定條件,將“特殊原因”的具體情形作出例舉；并建議應嚴格規(guī)范上市公司名稱變更中的準侵權行為。最后,對于公司名稱轉讓權,建議我國立法允許公司名稱權單獨轉讓；并在立法中明確規(guī)定公司名稱權轉讓的具體程序和效力。 至此,本文主要是通過分析我國立法對公司名稱權的各個權利內容保護的不足進而提出初淺的建議,期望本文的研究能對我國立法就改革公司名稱權保護的相關規(guī)定做出一點貢獻。
[Abstract]:Any company should have its own name, just as every natural person has its own name. The name of the company is the specific embodiment of the independence and specialization of the company. It is the basic item for the company to set up a registration, engage in the production and operation activities and enjoy the obligations of the company. In the legal sense, the company name also rises as an important right which the company owns - the company name right, and is protected by the law. It is based on the above reasons that the early commodity economy and the more developed market economy have begun to attach importance to the protection and regulation of the company name rights and the protection of the name of the company. The current laws and regulations concerning the name of the company mainly include the general rules of the civil law, the company law, the law of anti unfair competition, the regulations on the management of corporate registration, the regulations on the management of corporate registration, the regulations on the registration and management of enterprise names, and the measures for the registration and management of enterprise names. Protection and norms have formed a preliminary legal framework, but careful study will find that in the provisions of these laws and regulations and regulations, the protection of the right of the name of the company is mostly only principles and procedural provisions, which can not achieve the purpose of protecting the right of the name of the company at all.
In addition, the legal protection problem of the right of company name is not studied in the legal circle of our country at present. Because of the traditional idea of planned economy system, the legal protection of the name right of enterprise is mostly studied, because the company, as one kind of enterprise form, can be applied to the relevant regulations of the enterprise name protection, but the name of the enterprise is the name of the enterprise. There is not a monograph in the study of the legal protection of rights, and the other related studies have only a few academic papers published in the legal journal. The scholars have also made some discussions on the right of business name which is closely related to the name of the company. But because of the fuzziness of the distinction between the name of the enterprise and the business name of the Chinese scholars, the right to trade names is right. The research of protection is basically the same as the protection of the right of enterprise name. However, whether it is the research on the name right or the right of business name of the enterprise, the scholars' research on this issue is concentrated in the large legislative and institutional framework, and does not go deep into the specific level of the right content, and the proposed perfect suggestions are also lack of operability. In the study of this problem, this paper thinks that the general idea should be: To study the protection of the right of the name of the company, the content of its rights should be analyzed first, and then the protection of the right content in all aspects of the right is discussed and suggestions are put forward to truly achieve the comprehensive protection of the name of the company. The purpose of the right.
This article is divided into five parts, with a total of 30 thousand and 4 thousand words. The first part gives a detailed overview of the name of the company and the name of the company. First, it introduces the different appellations of the name of the company in our country's legislation and the scholars, and after the analysis of the mixed use of these appellations, it is proposed that the name of the company should be used in the legal field of the company. Then it provides a clear basic concept for the comprehensive protection of the company name. On this basis, the company name is defined as: the name of the company is the name obtained by the company according to law. It is the trademark name of the company when it is engaged in business activities, and the company is engaged in the operation of the company. After defining the meaning of the name of the company, after defining the meaning of the company name, it explores the four characteristics of the company's name, namely: Law, business, iconic, singleness. Secondly, the definition of the meaning, characteristics and rights of the company's name is defined. Based on the foregoing discussion, the company's right of name is defined as the company according to law to itself according to law. The name is entitled to set, obtain, use, change, transfer and exclude the rights of others' damage, and then discusses the three characteristics of the right of the name of the company. In order to fully protect the right of name, the right content is defined as five parts, namely, the right to set, the right to obtain, the right to use, the right to change, and the right to transfer.
The second part begins with the right content of the company name setting right, and begins to discuss the shortcomings of the company's name right protection in detail and puts forward some suggestions. First, for the right to set the name of the company, it is suggested that the legislation should be abolished in the name of the company by the restrictive regulations of administrative division and industry, and it is suggested that China should adopt the word. Secondly, for the right to obtain the name of the company, it is suggested that the way of obtaining the right of name of the company in our country is the main way to obtain the name of the company in accordance with the registration and registration, and the way of obtaining the name of the company is obtained by the first use of the company's name, and the principle of prohibiting the confusion is taken as the standard to eliminate the name of the company. Third, for the right to use the name of the company, this article puts forward four suggestions, namely: 1. strengthen the protection of "Anti Unfair Competition Law" to the right to use the name of the company; 2. make the right of company name clear as the first right to protect; 3. legislation should clearly specify the license of the right of company name; 4. give the company registration authority to change the tort company The power of the name. Fourth, for the right to change the name of the company, it is suggested that the limited conditions for the exercise of the right to change the name of the company should be defined in the legislation, and the specific circumstances of the "special cause" should be exemplified; and it is suggested that the quasi tort should be strictly regulated in the name change of the listed company. Finally, the right to transfer the name of the company is suggested to allow the legislation of our country to be allowed. The company's right to name is transferred separately, and the specific procedures and effectiveness of the transfer of the company's name right are clearly stipulated in the legislation.
At this point, this article is mainly through the analysis of the insufficient protection of the rights and contents of the right of company name by the legislation of our country, and then put forward the initial shallow suggestions. It is expected that the study of this article can make a little contribution to the relevant provisions of the legislation of our country to reform the protection of the right of the company name.

【學位授予單位】：中央民族大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D922.291.91

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