“海瑞定理”、常理與疑難案件：對(duì)蘇力、桑本謙命題的再探討
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-10 17:52
【摘要】： 疑難案件在司法過程中雖然較少遇到,但卻有著重要的意義。對(duì)疑難案件的恰當(dāng)和合理處理,不僅體現(xiàn)了一個(gè)民族的智慧,而且還是一個(gè)民族進(jìn)入或保持有序社會(huì)的標(biāo)尺,更是現(xiàn)階段我國進(jìn)入法治/規(guī)則社會(huì)所必須解決的問題。 古今中外,對(duì)疑難案件的處理有各種方法和進(jìn)路。在中國古代明朝,海瑞也總結(jié)出了他的處理疑難案件的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和方法,蘇力將他的經(jīng)驗(yàn)歸納和總結(jié)為“海瑞定理”,并試圖將其一般化。接著,桑本謙又將蘇力的“海瑞定理”予以發(fā)展和擴(kuò)充,從技術(shù)和制度層面提出了新的“海瑞定理”。本文將從理論和實(shí)證兩個(gè)方面分析蘇力和桑本謙的“海瑞定理”,指出其合理與不合理之處,并通過“常理”的引入,試圖重新詮釋“海瑞定理”,并為疑難案件的處理提供一種雖然不新但卻簡(jiǎn)單和實(shí)用的方法。 本文除前言和結(jié)論外共有四章。 第一章簡(jiǎn)要介紹蘇力和桑本謙各自歸納的“海瑞定理”。 第二章從主觀效用和幸福的角度分析了蘇力的海瑞定理的合理與不合理之處,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步的完善。 第三章通過引入蘇力的主觀效用變量對(duì)桑本謙的海瑞定理進(jìn)行考察,發(fā)現(xiàn)桑本謙的海瑞定理ⅡC、D和F不宜進(jìn)行主觀效用比較;而且通過對(duì)“沉沒成本理性”和“公平感”的引入,發(fā)現(xiàn)桑本謙對(duì)“抽象錯(cuò)判概率”優(yōu)于“具體錯(cuò)判概率”的分析是不成立的,現(xiàn)實(shí)中要具體分析;另外,還分析了法官的“常理推斷”相對(duì)于桑本謙的“海瑞定理”的優(yōu)越性。 第四章通過對(duì)法官的訪談表明,無論是蘇力的海瑞定理還是桑本謙的海瑞定理,在現(xiàn)實(shí)中法官都很少予以考慮,而“常理推斷”則是有時(shí)不得不用的一種決策方法,而且“海瑞定理”背后其實(shí)隱藏了法官的常理推斷;最后,又從理論上分析了“常理推斷”這種“簡(jiǎn)捷啟發(fā)式”或“直觀推斷”的合理性和簡(jiǎn)捷性。
[Abstract]:Although difficult cases are seldom encountered in the judicial process, they are of great significance. Proper and reasonable handling of difficult cases not only reflects the wisdom of a nation, but also reflects the criterion for a nation to enter or maintain an orderly society, and is a problem that must be solved when China enters a rule of law/rule society at this stage.
In ancient China and Ming Dynasty, Hai Rui also summed up his experience and methods in dealing with difficult cases. Su Li summed up his experience as "Hai Rui Theorem" and tried to generalize it. This paper will analyze Su Li and Sang Benqian's "Hai Rui Theorem" from both theoretical and empirical aspects, point out its rationality and irrationality, and try to reinterpret "Hai Rui Theorem" through the introduction of "common sense", and provide a kind of although not for the handling of difficult cases. New but simple and practical method.
In addition to the foreword and conclusion, there are four chapters in this paper.
The first chapter briefly introduces the "Hai Rui theorem" summarized by Su Li and sang Ben Qian.
The second chapter analyzes the rationality and irrationality of Suli's Hairui theorem from the perspective of subjective utility and happiness, and further improves it.
In Chapter 3, by introducing the subjective utility variable of Su Li, the author investigates Sang Benqian's Hai Rui Theorem, and finds that the Hai Rui Theorem II C, D and F of Sang Benqian is not suitable for subjective utility comparison; moreover, by introducing "sunk cost rationality" and "sense of fairness", he finds that Sang Benqian's "abstract misjudgment probability" is superior to "concrete misjudgment probability". In addition, the superiority of the judge's "common sense inference" over Sang Benqian's "Hai Rui theorem" is also analyzed.
Chapter Four through interviews with judges shows that neither Sulli's Hairui Theorem nor Sangbenqian's Hairui Theorem is given much consideration by judges in reality, while "common sense inference" is sometimes a decision-making method that has to be used, and "Hairui Theorem" actually hides the judge's common sense inference behind it. The rationality and simplicity of the simple heuristic or intuitive inference of "common sense inference" are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廈門大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：D929
本文編號(hào)：2175747
[Abstract]:Although difficult cases are seldom encountered in the judicial process, they are of great significance. Proper and reasonable handling of difficult cases not only reflects the wisdom of a nation, but also reflects the criterion for a nation to enter or maintain an orderly society, and is a problem that must be solved when China enters a rule of law/rule society at this stage.
In ancient China and Ming Dynasty, Hai Rui also summed up his experience and methods in dealing with difficult cases. Su Li summed up his experience as "Hai Rui Theorem" and tried to generalize it. This paper will analyze Su Li and Sang Benqian's "Hai Rui Theorem" from both theoretical and empirical aspects, point out its rationality and irrationality, and try to reinterpret "Hai Rui Theorem" through the introduction of "common sense", and provide a kind of although not for the handling of difficult cases. New but simple and practical method.
In addition to the foreword and conclusion, there are four chapters in this paper.
The first chapter briefly introduces the "Hai Rui theorem" summarized by Su Li and sang Ben Qian.
The second chapter analyzes the rationality and irrationality of Suli's Hairui theorem from the perspective of subjective utility and happiness, and further improves it.
In Chapter 3, by introducing the subjective utility variable of Su Li, the author investigates Sang Benqian's Hai Rui Theorem, and finds that the Hai Rui Theorem II C, D and F of Sang Benqian is not suitable for subjective utility comparison; moreover, by introducing "sunk cost rationality" and "sense of fairness", he finds that Sang Benqian's "abstract misjudgment probability" is superior to "concrete misjudgment probability". In addition, the superiority of the judge's "common sense inference" over Sang Benqian's "Hai Rui theorem" is also analyzed.
Chapter Four through interviews with judges shows that neither Sulli's Hairui Theorem nor Sangbenqian's Hairui Theorem is given much consideration by judges in reality, while "common sense inference" is sometimes a decision-making method that has to be used, and "Hairui Theorem" actually hides the judge's common sense inference behind it. The rationality and simplicity of the simple heuristic or intuitive inference of "common sense inference" are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廈門大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：D929
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