試論韓國違憲審查制度
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-02 09:48
【摘要】： 憲法是國家根本大法,它是一個國家法律體系的基石,是所有部門法律的“母法”,它不僅規(guī)定了公權(quán)力的權(quán)力來源和運作程序,更重要的是它規(guī)定了國民的基本權(quán)利,是公民權(quán)利的“保障書”。憲法的崇高地位,決定了違憲行為的嚴(yán)重性,任何違憲行為都是對國家公權(quán)力和國民私權(quán)利的挑戰(zhàn)。在民主國家我們必須嚴(yán)懲違憲行為,換句話講,要建立憲政政體,我們就必須建立違憲審查制度,防止任何主體破壞我們的憲政秩序。要建立適合本國特色的違憲審查制度,學(xué)習(xí)他國經(jīng)驗是必不可少的,特別是同屬東亞文化圈的鄰國。 在筆者看來,選擇韓國作為研究對象是非常適合的,這主要是基于我們相似的歷史背景。中韓兩國文化交流源遠(yuǎn)流長,我們共屬東亞文化圈,至今還秉承大體相仿的文化傳統(tǒng)。韓國早在建國憲法中就確立了違憲審查制度,并且在過去的半個多世紀(jì)里,每一次的政治運動都推動著違憲審查制度的變革,它先后采用了憲法委員會模式的違憲審查制度,憲法法院模式的違憲審查制度和司法審查模式違憲審查制度等三種模式。但是令人遺憾的是,之前的違憲審查制度并未取得良好的社會效果。直至1987年,為了鞏固民主運動的勝利成果,韓國再次修改憲法,建立了憲法法院,確立了符合韓國特色的違憲審查制度。實踐證明,憲法法院模式是非常成功的制度移植,它為保障韓國憲法穩(wěn)固和民主政治進(jìn)步起到了舉足輕重的作用。本篇論文共有四個部分:第一,韓國憲法簡史;第二,韓國違憲審查制度的發(fā)展歷程;第三,韓國現(xiàn)行違憲審查制度;第四,韓國違憲審查制度的實踐價值。論文的立足點就是希望通過對韓國違憲審查制度的分析,找尋韓國憲法法院取得成功的經(jīng)驗,希望有助于我們建立適合中國特色的違憲審查制度。本篇論文的最大特色在于通過結(jié)合違憲審查案例,重點分析了違憲審查制度對社會發(fā)展的價值。憲法是一個國家的根本法律,它先于政府而存在是國民公意的產(chǎn)物。憲法的價值就在于約束公權(quán)力,保障私權(quán)利,而違憲審查的價值就是保障憲法的實施,實現(xiàn)憲法的價值。違憲審查制度的價值主要包括保障人權(quán)、鞏固民主、促進(jìn)道德風(fēng)尚發(fā)展和為經(jīng)濟保駕護(hù)航等等。
[Abstract]:The Constitution is the fundamental law of the country. It is the cornerstone of a national legal system and the "mother law" of all sectoral laws. It not only stipulates the source of power and the operating procedures of public power, but more importantly, it stipulates the basic rights of the people. Is the civil rights of the "guarantee". The lofty status of the Constitution determines the seriousness of the unconstitutional act, and any unconstitutional act is a challenge to the public power and the private right of the state. In a democratic country, we must severely punish unconstitutional behavior. In other words, to establish a constitutional government, we must establish an unconstitutional review system to prevent any subject from undermining our constitutional order. It is necessary to learn from the experience of other countries in order to establish an unconstitutional review system suitable for their own characteristics, especially in the neighboring countries that belong to the East Asian cultural circle. In my opinion, it is very suitable to choose Korea as the object of study, which is mainly based on our similar historical background. China and South Korea have a long history of cultural exchanges, we belong to the East Asian cultural circle, and still adhere to similar cultural traditions. As early as the constitution of the Republic of Korea established the system of unconstitutional review, and in the past more than half a century, every political movement has promoted the reform of the system of unconstitutional review, and it has successively adopted the constitutional committee model of unconstitutional review system. The constitutional court model of unconstitutional review system and the judicial review mode of unconstitutional review system. However, unfortunately, the previous unconstitutional review system has not achieved good social results. Until 1987, in order to consolidate the victory of the democratic movement, South Korea once again amended the Constitution, established the Constitutional Court, and established the system of unconstitutional review in accordance with the characteristics of the Republic of Korea. Practice has proved that the constitutional court model is a very successful system transplant, which plays an important role in ensuring the stability of the Korean constitution and democratic political progress. This thesis has four parts: first, the brief history of the Korean Constitution; second, the development of the Korean unconstitutional review system; third, the current unconstitutional review system in Korea; fourth, the practical value of the Korean unconstitutional review system. The standpoint of the thesis is to find the successful experience of the Korean Constitutional Court through the analysis of the system of reviewing the constitutionality of Korea, and to help us to establish the system of unconstitutional review suitable for Chinese characteristics. The main characteristic of this paper is to analyze the value of unconstitutional review system on social development by combining the case of unconstitutional review. Constitution is the fundamental law of a country, and its existence before the government is the product of the general will of the people. The value of constitution is to restrain public power and protect private right, and the value of unconstitutional review is to guarantee the implementation of constitution and realize the value of constitution. The value of unconstitutional review system includes the protection of human rights, the consolidation of democracy, the development of morality and the protection of the economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：DD911;D931.26
本文編號：2159045
[Abstract]:The Constitution is the fundamental law of the country. It is the cornerstone of a national legal system and the "mother law" of all sectoral laws. It not only stipulates the source of power and the operating procedures of public power, but more importantly, it stipulates the basic rights of the people. Is the civil rights of the "guarantee". The lofty status of the Constitution determines the seriousness of the unconstitutional act, and any unconstitutional act is a challenge to the public power and the private right of the state. In a democratic country, we must severely punish unconstitutional behavior. In other words, to establish a constitutional government, we must establish an unconstitutional review system to prevent any subject from undermining our constitutional order. It is necessary to learn from the experience of other countries in order to establish an unconstitutional review system suitable for their own characteristics, especially in the neighboring countries that belong to the East Asian cultural circle. In my opinion, it is very suitable to choose Korea as the object of study, which is mainly based on our similar historical background. China and South Korea have a long history of cultural exchanges, we belong to the East Asian cultural circle, and still adhere to similar cultural traditions. As early as the constitution of the Republic of Korea established the system of unconstitutional review, and in the past more than half a century, every political movement has promoted the reform of the system of unconstitutional review, and it has successively adopted the constitutional committee model of unconstitutional review system. The constitutional court model of unconstitutional review system and the judicial review mode of unconstitutional review system. However, unfortunately, the previous unconstitutional review system has not achieved good social results. Until 1987, in order to consolidate the victory of the democratic movement, South Korea once again amended the Constitution, established the Constitutional Court, and established the system of unconstitutional review in accordance with the characteristics of the Republic of Korea. Practice has proved that the constitutional court model is a very successful system transplant, which plays an important role in ensuring the stability of the Korean constitution and democratic political progress. This thesis has four parts: first, the brief history of the Korean Constitution; second, the development of the Korean unconstitutional review system; third, the current unconstitutional review system in Korea; fourth, the practical value of the Korean unconstitutional review system. The standpoint of the thesis is to find the successful experience of the Korean Constitutional Court through the analysis of the system of reviewing the constitutionality of Korea, and to help us to establish the system of unconstitutional review suitable for Chinese characteristics. The main characteristic of this paper is to analyze the value of unconstitutional review system on social development by combining the case of unconstitutional review. Constitution is the fundamental law of a country, and its existence before the government is the product of the general will of the people. The value of constitution is to restrain public power and protect private right, and the value of unconstitutional review is to guarantee the implementation of constitution and realize the value of constitution. The value of unconstitutional review system includes the protection of human rights, the consolidation of democracy, the development of morality and the protection of the economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：DD911;D931.26
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條
1 金明月;罪犯權(quán)利救濟的韓中比較研究[D];中國政法大學(xué);2011年
2 牛振挺;我國憲法訴訟制度之構(gòu)建[D];燕山大學(xué);2012年
3 申愛順;韓國違憲審查制度對我國的啟示[D];延邊大學(xué);2013年
，本文編號：2159045
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