民國時期審判制度研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-20 22:19
【摘要】：本文從傳統審判制度的特征入手,分析了在清末傳統社會結構近代轉型和西方列強入侵及其法治文化滲透內、外兩種背景下,中國傳統審判制度產生變革的歷史必然性；通過對民國不同時期的審判制度的模式選擇和審判制度的建構、實踐的實證分析,揭示了法文化在法律制度,特別是審判制度引進、移植和本土化過程的影響力；深入分析了民國時期審判機關的建立、審判原則的確立、審判人員的組成、審判方式的變革以及新型審檢關系的建立、律師制度的創(chuàng)設等問題,深化了對審判權本質、審判權運行的規(guī)律以及民國時期審判制度變革的內在原因的認識,并提出了民國時期審判制度的發(fā)展對于現階段審判制度的現代化的借鑒作用。論文中總共分為六個部分。 第一部分“緒論”,對論文選題動因和研究意義、以往主要研究成果、研究視角與研究方法、研究的主要內容和預期貢獻等幾個部分作了簡單交代。 第二部分“清末審判制度變革及其對民國時期審判制度的影響”,介紹了中國傳統審判制度的特點及其缺陷、清末審判制度變革、清末審判制度變革對民國時期審判制度的影響等方面內容,主要是立足于闡述民國時期審判制度變革的歷史背景、淵源。 第三部分“民國時期審判機關及法官制度的建立和發(fā)展”,主要分析民國時期審判機關設立的規(guī)范化、法官制度的變遷及法官職業(yè)化。 第四部分“民國時期審判原則及審判制度的建立和發(fā)展”,主要分析民國時期法院審判原則的演變及審判方式的變革,行政審判制度、民事審判制度、刑事審判制度、軍事審判制度的設計和司法實踐。 第五部分“控辯制度的發(fā)展對民國時期審判制度的影響”,主要探討新型審檢關系的建立、律師制度的建立及職業(yè)化、新型控辯關系對民國時期審判制度的影響。 第六部分“民國時期審判制度近代化的進程、特征及啟示”,在分析民國時期審判制度從傳統審判制度向近代審判制度轉型發(fā)展中出現的特點和缺陷單基礎上,探索了民國時期審判制度發(fā)展對現代中國審判制度發(fā)展的啟示與借鑒。 文章最后部分是結語,總結性地敘述了民國審判制度的變革軌跡對于當代中國司法建設的意義。
[Abstract]:Starting with the characteristics of the traditional trial system, this paper analyzes the historical inevitability of the transformation of the traditional social structure in the late Qing Dynasty, the invasion of the western powers and the infiltration of the rule of law culture, and the historical inevitability of the transformation of the Chinese traditional trial system. Through the mode selection of the trial system in different periods of the Republic of China and the construction of the trial system and the empirical analysis of practice, this paper reveals the influence of the legal culture in the legal system, especially in the process of introducing, transplanting and localization of the judicial system. It deeply analyzes the establishment of judicial organs, the establishment of trial principles, the composition of judicial personnel, the reform of trial methods, the establishment of a new type of trial and inspection relationship, the establishment of a lawyer system, and so on, which deepens the essence of judicial power. The law of the operation of judicial power and the understanding of the internal reasons for the reform of the trial system during the Republic of China period, and put forward the reference role of the development of the trial system in the period of the Republic of China to the modernization of the trial system at the present stage. The thesis is divided into six parts. The first part, "introduction", gives a brief account of the motivation and significance of the topic, the main research achievements, the research perspective and methods, the main contents and expected contributions. The second part, "the Reform of the trial system in the late Qing Dynasty and its influence on the trial system of the Republic of China", introduces the characteristics and defects of the Chinese traditional trial system, and the reform of the trial system in the late Qing Dynasty. The influence of the reform of the trial system in the late Qing Dynasty on the trial system in the Republic of China is mainly based on the historical background and origin of the reform of the trial system during the period of the Republic of China. The third part, the establishment and development of the judicial organ and judge system in the period of the Republic of China, mainly analyzes the standardization of the establishment of the judicial organ in the period of the Republic of China, the change of the judge system and the professionalization of the judge. The fourth part "the establishment and development of the trial principle and trial system during the Republic of China", mainly analyzes the evolution of the court trial principle and the reform of the trial method, the administrative trial system, the civil trial system and the criminal trial system. The design and judicial practice of military trial system. The fifth part, "the influence of the development of the prosecution and defense system on the trial system in the Republic of China", mainly discusses the establishment of a new type of trial and inspection relationship, the establishment and professionalization of the lawyer system, and the influence of the new type of prosecution and defense system on the trial system in the Republic of China. The sixth part, "the process, characteristics and Enlightenment of the Modernization of the trial system in the Republic of China", is based on the analysis of the characteristics and defects of the judicial system in the period of the Republic of China from the traditional trial system to the modern trial system. This paper explores the enlightenment and reference of the development of the trial system in the period of the Republic of China to the development of the modern Chinese trial system. The last part of the article is the conclusion, which summarizes the significance of the reform of the judicial system of the Republic of China to the contemporary Chinese judicial construction.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D926.2;D929
本文編號：2134977
[Abstract]:Starting with the characteristics of the traditional trial system, this paper analyzes the historical inevitability of the transformation of the traditional social structure in the late Qing Dynasty, the invasion of the western powers and the infiltration of the rule of law culture, and the historical inevitability of the transformation of the Chinese traditional trial system. Through the mode selection of the trial system in different periods of the Republic of China and the construction of the trial system and the empirical analysis of practice, this paper reveals the influence of the legal culture in the legal system, especially in the process of introducing, transplanting and localization of the judicial system. It deeply analyzes the establishment of judicial organs, the establishment of trial principles, the composition of judicial personnel, the reform of trial methods, the establishment of a new type of trial and inspection relationship, the establishment of a lawyer system, and so on, which deepens the essence of judicial power. The law of the operation of judicial power and the understanding of the internal reasons for the reform of the trial system during the Republic of China period, and put forward the reference role of the development of the trial system in the period of the Republic of China to the modernization of the trial system at the present stage. The thesis is divided into six parts. The first part, "introduction", gives a brief account of the motivation and significance of the topic, the main research achievements, the research perspective and methods, the main contents and expected contributions. The second part, "the Reform of the trial system in the late Qing Dynasty and its influence on the trial system of the Republic of China", introduces the characteristics and defects of the Chinese traditional trial system, and the reform of the trial system in the late Qing Dynasty. The influence of the reform of the trial system in the late Qing Dynasty on the trial system in the Republic of China is mainly based on the historical background and origin of the reform of the trial system during the period of the Republic of China. The third part, the establishment and development of the judicial organ and judge system in the period of the Republic of China, mainly analyzes the standardization of the establishment of the judicial organ in the period of the Republic of China, the change of the judge system and the professionalization of the judge. The fourth part "the establishment and development of the trial principle and trial system during the Republic of China", mainly analyzes the evolution of the court trial principle and the reform of the trial method, the administrative trial system, the civil trial system and the criminal trial system. The design and judicial practice of military trial system. The fifth part, "the influence of the development of the prosecution and defense system on the trial system in the Republic of China", mainly discusses the establishment of a new type of trial and inspection relationship, the establishment and professionalization of the lawyer system, and the influence of the new type of prosecution and defense system on the trial system in the Republic of China. The sixth part, "the process, characteristics and Enlightenment of the Modernization of the trial system in the Republic of China", is based on the analysis of the characteristics and defects of the judicial system in the period of the Republic of China from the traditional trial system to the modern trial system. This paper explores the enlightenment and reference of the development of the trial system in the period of the Republic of China to the development of the modern Chinese trial system. The last part of the article is the conclusion, which summarizes the significance of the reform of the judicial system of the Republic of China to the contemporary Chinese judicial construction.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D926.2;D929
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