發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-09 09:39

  本文選題：刑法　切入點(diǎn)：中國(guó)古代刑法文化　出處：《青海師范大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 在各種人類文化成果中,法律制度可謂是一種最為復(fù)雜、最為奇特的精神創(chuàng)造,因?yàn)榉芍贫韧砸环N最強(qiáng)烈的方式,集中突出的表達(dá)一種秩序,體現(xiàn)一種觀念。也就是說,法律制度作為國(guó)家實(shí)現(xiàn)其統(tǒng)治的基本工具,作為社會(huì)關(guān)系的重要調(diào)節(jié)器,往往以國(guó)家的強(qiáng)制力為后盾,對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)成員做出種種要求和限制。因而,在一種法律制度中,集中反映著一個(gè)民族和一個(gè)社會(huì)的基本價(jià)值觀念,也反映著當(dāng)時(shí)人們對(duì)于自然、社會(huì)及人與人關(guān)系的種種看法與做法。在具體的法律制度、法律條文背后,有著極為復(fù)雜的社會(huì)思想因素。所以說,法律制度是一個(gè)國(guó)家、一個(gè)社會(huì)在一定時(shí)期內(nèi)的物質(zhì)生活條件的綜合反映,是人類社會(huì)生活的整體折射。而社會(huì)的進(jìn)步和文明的演變,使得法也從原始簡(jiǎn)單的習(xí)慣,逐漸向著結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、富于哲理的模式過渡。 中國(guó)古代刑法文化是指與中國(guó)古代自然經(jīng)濟(jì)、高度君主專制統(tǒng)治和宗法社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)相適應(yīng)的刑法制度以及刑法觀念。在傳統(tǒng)文化的影響下,中國(guó)古代刑法形成了它自身特點(diǎn)。本文通過深入總結(jié)中國(guó)古代刑法文化內(nèi)涵以及從法哲學(xué)角度延伸的諸多特征入手:一是從德與法,禮與刑的關(guān)系方面研究中國(guó)古代刑法文化的起源、發(fā)展及其演變,分析古代刑法文化對(duì)中國(guó)現(xiàn)代法治建設(shè)所帶來的正面和負(fù)面影響,并從中提煉出一些現(xiàn)代法治社會(huì)所需的普世性的基本理念,這對(duì)于理解中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)法律制度,乃至對(duì)于構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代法治理念都大有裨益;二是通過分析比較中西方在刑法思維方面如立法基礎(chǔ)和立法觀念、法律內(nèi)容和價(jià)值取向,以及司法程序和執(zhí)法效果等方面的深刻差異,本著擇優(yōu)取用的原則,借鑒西方有關(guān)的法治思想,為建構(gòu)現(xiàn)代法治理念提供參考。比如說,只有“法自民出”才能體現(xiàn)的法的公平、正義;只有“以法為本”才能體現(xiàn)法的尊嚴(yán)、權(quán)威;只有“慎用刑罰”才能體現(xiàn)法乃至整個(gè)社會(huì)的寬容與和諧等方面的內(nèi)容,并分析得出現(xiàn)代法治社會(huì)必須注重“人文關(guān)懷”、“形式理性”、“實(shí)體正義”等刑法思想培養(yǎng)的結(jié)論,從而對(duì)法治理念的建構(gòu)提供一些可供借鑒的思考。
[Abstract]:Among the various achievements of human culture, the legal system is one of the most complex and peculiar spiritual creation, because the legal system tends to express a kind of order and an idea in the strongest way. The legal system, as a basic tool for a country to realize its rule and as an important regulator of social relations, is often backed by the coercive power of the state and makes various demands and restrictions on the members of the society at that time. Therefore, in a legal system, It reflects the basic values of a nation and a society, as well as people's views and practices on nature, society and human relations at that time. There are extremely complex social and ideological factors. Therefore, the legal system is a comprehensive reflection of the material living conditions of a country and a society within a certain period of time, and the overall refraction of human social life, and the progress of society and the evolution of civilization, So that the law also from the original simple habits, gradually to the structure of rigorous, philosophical model transition. The ancient Chinese criminal law culture refers to the criminal law system and the concept of criminal law adapted to the ancient Chinese natural economy, the highly autocratic monarchy and the patriarchal social structure. Chinese ancient criminal law has formed its own characteristics. This paper begins with a deep summary of the cultural connotation of ancient Chinese criminal law and many characteristics extended from the perspective of legal philosophy: first, from the point of view of morality and law, In the aspect of the relationship between propriety and punishment, the origin, development and evolution of the ancient Chinese criminal law culture are studied, and the positive and negative effects of the ancient criminal law culture on the construction of Chinese modern rule of law are analyzed. It also abstracts some universal basic ideas which are necessary for the society of modern rule of law, which is of great benefit to the understanding of Chinese traditional legal system and even to the construction of modern concept of rule of law. Second, by analyzing and comparing the profound differences in criminal law thinking between China and the West, such as legislative basis and legislative concept, legal content and value orientation, as well as judicial procedure and law enforcement effect, etc., in line with the principle of preferential use, For example, only "law from the people" can embody the law's fairness and justice, only "taking the law as the basis" can embody the law's dignity and authority. Only "careful use of penalty" can embody the content of tolerance and harmony of law and the whole society, and draw the conclusion that modern society under the rule of law must pay attention to the cultivation of "humanistic care", "formal rationality", "substantive justice" and so on. Thus, the construction of the concept of rule of law can be used for reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：D929;D924

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