【摘要】：犯罪作為一種嚴(yán)重危害社會(huì)的活動(dòng),一直以來備受關(guān)注,而女性犯罪作為一種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象早已存在,國內(nèi)外理論也對(duì)其都有一定的研究。我國改革開放以來,非常重視對(duì)犯罪的打擊,因?yàn)槠潢P(guān)系著社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定,無論是男性犯罪還是女性犯罪都有非常嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)危害性,在理論及司法實(shí)踐中很少從性別角度去分析犯罪的特點(diǎn),尤其對(duì)女性作為犯罪主體缺乏一定的關(guān)注。受中國傳統(tǒng)文化的影響以及性別差異的影響,男性犯罪比例始終高于女性,但不能忽視的是,隨著現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展,我國雖然在提倡男女平等且越來越注重保護(hù)女性權(quán)益,但女性犯罪的比例始終在逐年上升。這需要我們引起高度重視,密切關(guān)注女性犯罪的成因,及時(shí)建立有效的預(yù)防體系,保障女性權(quán)利,預(yù)防女性犯罪。本文主要分三個(gè)部分對(duì)女性犯罪進(jìn)行研究。第一部分是對(duì)女性犯罪的理論概述。首先,介紹何為女性犯罪。從犯罪的定義著手,犯罪存在實(shí)質(zhì)意義上的犯罪和形式意義上的犯罪之分,因此可以對(duì)女性犯罪分別從形式意義上的女性犯罪與實(shí)質(zhì)意義上的女性犯罪進(jìn)行定義,而根據(jù)罪行法定原則,本文研究的主要是形式意義上即刑法規(guī)定的女性犯罪。其次,結(jié)合學(xué)者不同的觀點(diǎn)分析我國女性犯罪有何特點(diǎn)并最終歸納總結(jié)。最后,分析我國女性主要存在哪些種類,主要將其概括為,財(cái)產(chǎn)類、侵權(quán)類、涉毒類、色情類犯罪。第二部分分析女性犯罪的主要現(xiàn)狀和主要原因。首先介紹我國女性犯罪的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢;其次主要從宏觀和微觀兩個(gè)層面分析導(dǎo)致女性犯罪的主要成因,在宏觀層面主要是社會(huì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)文化對(duì)女性犯罪的影響,在微觀層面主要是家庭、學(xué)校、個(gè)人對(duì)女性犯罪的影響。第三部分提出對(duì)女性犯罪預(yù)防的完善建議。根據(jù)犯罪預(yù)防的基本理論可以將犯罪預(yù)防分為一般預(yù)防和特殊預(yù)防,因此本文主要從這兩個(gè)方面提出預(yù)防女性犯罪的建議。在一般預(yù)防方面,主要從觀念引導(dǎo)女性社會(huì)角色變化、政策促進(jìn)保護(hù)女性社會(huì)安全感、法律威懾女性實(shí)施犯罪的社會(huì)可能性,在特殊預(yù)防方面主要是強(qiáng)化對(duì)女犯的思想和觀念改造、關(guān)注女犯的就業(yè)和生活等方面。犯罪是影響社會(huì)安定、健康發(fā)展的重要因素,無論是男性犯罪還是女性犯罪都具有極強(qiáng)的社會(huì)危害性。不容置疑的是女性犯罪是一個(gè)可能會(huì)影響到社會(huì)持續(xù)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的重要問題,女性主體在當(dāng)前社會(huì)角色中扮演著與過去完全不同的社會(huì)角色,具有新的時(shí)代特點(diǎn),伴隨女性犯罪比例的日益增高,打擊女性犯罪,合理有效預(yù)防女性犯罪已經(jīng)刻不容緩,這就需要我們對(duì)女性犯罪從理論與實(shí)踐方面對(duì)其高度重視。本文希望通過對(duì)女性犯罪進(jìn)行研究,建立完善的預(yù)防女性犯罪制度體系,保障女性的社會(huì)權(quán)利,確保社會(huì)秩序穩(wěn)定、健康持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Crime as a serious harm to society activities, has been paid attention to, and female crime as a social phenomenon has already existed, and domestic and foreign theories have also studied it. Since the reform and opening up, our country has attached great importance to the crackdown on crime, because it is related to the stability of the society. Both male and female crimes have very serious social harmfulness. In theory and judicial practice, the characteristics of crime are seldom analyzed from the angle of gender, especially for women as the subject of crime. Under the influence of Chinese traditional culture and gender difference, the proportion of men committing crimes is always higher than that of women. However, with the development of modernization, although China is advocating equality between men and women and paying more and more attention to the protection of women's rights and interests, But the proportion of female crime has been rising year by year. This requires us to pay close attention to the causes of female crime, to establish an effective prevention system in time, to protect women's rights and to prevent female crime. This article mainly divides into three parts carries on the research to the female crime. The first part is the theoretical overview of female crime. First of all, introduce what is a female crime. Starting from the definition of crime, there are two kinds of crimes in essence and form, so we can define the female crime in the formal sense and the female crime in the substantive sense. According to the legal principle of crime, this article mainly studies the female crime in the formal sense, that is, the criminal law. Secondly, the author analyzes the characteristics of female crime in China from different perspectives and concludes it. Finally, it analyzes the main types of women in China, mainly summarized as property, tort, drug-related, pornographic crimes. The second part analyzes the main status quo and main reasons of female crime. Firstly, it introduces the present situation and development trend of female crime in China. Secondly, the main causes of female crime are analyzed from the macro and micro levels. At the macro level, it is mainly the influence of social development and social culture on female crime, and at the micro level, it is mainly family and school. The influence of individuals on female crime. The third part puts forward the perfect suggestion to the female crime prevention. According to the basic theory of crime prevention, crime prevention can be divided into general prevention and special prevention. In the general aspect of prevention, the social role of women is mainly guided by the concept, the policy promotes the protection of sense of security, and the social possibility of women committing crimes is deterred by law. In the aspect of special prevention, it is mainly to strengthen the transformation of women prisoners' thoughts and concepts, and pay attention to the employment and life of women prisoners. Crime is an important factor affecting social stability and healthy development, both male crime and female crime have strong social harmfulness. There is no doubt that female crime is an important issue that may affect the sustainable and stable development of society. The female subject plays a completely different social role from the past in the current social role and has the new characteristics of the times. With the increasing proportion of female crime, it is urgent to crack down on female crime and prevent female crime reasonably and effectively, which requires us to attach great importance to female crime in theory and practice. This paper hopes to establish a perfect system of preventing female crime, to ensure the social rights of women, to ensure the stability of social order and healthy and sustainable development through the study of female crime.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：C913.68;D917.6

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