【摘要】： 戶籍制度作為一項基本的國家行政制度,它在中國有悠久的歷史和深厚的文化傳統(tǒng)。從夏商周朝開始,經(jīng)過古代社會長時間的積累和發(fā)展,到計劃經(jīng)濟時代乃至現(xiàn)在,中國戶籍制度已經(jīng)有了深刻的變化和長遠的發(fā)展。戶籍制度作為中國一項具有根本性、重要性的制度,它涉及全體人民的切身利益和社會生活的基本形貌,其從古代直到現(xiàn)在始終與我們的日常生活息息相關。雖然古代中國不同歷史階段的戶籍制度傳統(tǒng)和中國現(xiàn)行戶籍制度之間在內(nèi)容、形式和性質(zhì)等方面都存在差異,但這并不影響他們之間的繼承性與創(chuàng)新性發(fā)展。另外,中國現(xiàn)行戶籍制度與其他國家的戶籍管理制度也存在不同。如何立足我國的基本國情,在正確認識中國現(xiàn)行戶籍制度的性質(zhì)、功能和內(nèi)在矛盾的基礎上,結合實踐中的戶籍案例,對我國現(xiàn)行戶籍制度的未來發(fā)展提出思路和策略有重要意義。 近些年來,不論是理論界還是實務界對我國戶籍制度都進行了大量的探討和研究,改革中國現(xiàn)行戶籍制度的呼聲越來越高,各地區(qū)也陸續(xù)地出臺了相關的制度措施。當然,我們不能否認,由于現(xiàn)行戶籍制度存在的諸多弊端,致使有關戶籍方面的犯罪也在逐年上升。北京最大的倒賣戶口案就是一個典型,并且很多類似的案例都反映出現(xiàn)行戶籍制度不論是在程序方面還是制度管理本身都存在漏洞。戶籍制度作為與人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钕⑾⑾嚓P的一種制度,在現(xiàn)實生活中的狀況是不樂觀的,并且“有人口流動卻無人口遷移”的怪現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)司空見慣了。因此,戶籍制度作為一套復雜的、覆蓋民眾的并具有強制性的社會制度,其社會管理功能正在發(fā)生深刻的變化,但作為制度本身卻沒有跟上時代的步伐。 中國現(xiàn)行戶籍制度的未來是改革或是取消的,許多學者和實務工作者都提出了不同的意見。他們的觀點和見解可以歸納為“取消論”、“脫鉤論”和“統(tǒng)一論”三種。這三種觀點都具有一定的理論意義和實踐價值的,但不可否認它們都帶有片面性。中國現(xiàn)行戶籍制度脫胎于對歷史傳統(tǒng)的繼承和創(chuàng)新,在每個歷史階段都發(fā)揮了重要的、不可取代的作用。我們對中國現(xiàn)行戶籍制度的未來應該持謹慎樂觀的態(tài)度:一方面不能全部否認現(xiàn)行的戶籍制度,另一方面也不能繼續(xù)全盤堅持。因此,對現(xiàn)行戶籍制度以及遷徙自由進行法制化,是現(xiàn)行戶籍制度在發(fā)揮自身應有功能的同時盡量減少人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畈槐愕囊粋�有效途徑。
[Abstract]:As a basic national administrative system, household registration system has a long history and profound cultural tradition in China. From the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, after a long period of accumulation and development of ancient society, to the planned economy era and even now, China's household registration system has undergone profound changes and long-term development. As a fundamental and important system in China, the household registration system involves the vital interests of the whole people and the basic appearance of social life. It has always been closely related to our daily life from ancient times to now. Although there are differences in content, form and nature between the traditional household registration system in ancient China and the current household registration system in China, this does not affect their inheritance and innovative development. In addition, the current household registration system in China is different from that in other countries. How to base on the basic national conditions of our country, on the basis of correctly understanding the nature, function and inherent contradiction of the current household registration system in China, combining with the case of household registration in practice, It is of great significance to put forward ideas and strategies for the future development of the current household registration system in China. In recent years, both theoretical and practical circles have carried out a large number of discussions and studies on the household registration system in China, and the voice of reforming the current household registration system in China is getting higher and higher, and various regions have successively introduced relevant system measures. Of course, we can not deny that the current household registration system has many drawbacks, resulting in the increase of crimes related to household registration year by year. Beijing's biggest hukou reselling case is typical, and many similar cases reflect loopholes in the current household registration system, both in procedure and in the system itself. As a system closely related to people's daily life, the household registration system is not optimistic in real life, and the strange phenomenon of "there is population mobility but no population migration" has become commonplace. Therefore, as a complex and compulsory social system, the social management function of the household registration system is undergoing profound changes, but the system itself has not kept up with the pace of the times. Many scholars and practitioners have put forward different opinions on whether the future of the current household registration system in China will be reformed or abolished. Their views and opinions can be divided into three types: cancellation theory, decoupling theory and unification theory. These three views have certain theoretical significance and practical value, but they are all one-sided. China's current household registration system, born from the inheritance and innovation of historical tradition, has played an important and irreplaceable role in every historical stage. We should be cautiously optimistic about the future of China's current household registration system: on the one hand, we can not deny the current household registration system, on the other hand, we can not continue to stick to it all. Therefore, to legalize the current household registration system and the freedom of migration is an effective way for the current household registration system to play its due function while minimizing the inconvenience in people's daily life.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D631.42

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