【摘要】：法律實(shí)效是法理學(xué)研究中的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)理論問(wèn)題之一,它關(guān)注的是法律實(shí)施中的實(shí)際狀況和效果。目前,我國(guó)法律體系已經(jīng)基本形成,但是法律實(shí)效狀況并不盡如人意。一個(gè)重要原因就是對(duì)法律實(shí)踐狀況缺乏總結(jié),對(duì)法律實(shí)效問(wèn)題缺乏研究,尤其是沒(méi)有運(yùn)用法社會(huì)學(xué)觀點(diǎn)將法律實(shí)效問(wèn)題放入社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型這一重大社會(huì)背景下研究。本文在繼承前人理論成果的基礎(chǔ)上,概括總結(jié)了目前法律實(shí)效現(xiàn)狀,并綜合運(yùn)用社會(huì)學(xué)的研究方法描述和剖析了我國(guó)法律實(shí)效現(xiàn)狀及隱藏在這些現(xiàn)象背后的深層次的原因,并就這種實(shí)效狀況提出了建設(shè)性的意見(jiàn),探討提高我國(guó)法律實(shí)效的途徑。 本文分為三個(gè)大部分,第一部分,闡述中國(guó)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期法律實(shí)效狀況,首先,明確社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型和中國(guó)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期法律實(shí)效的特殊性。因?yàn)楸疚闹械姆蓪?shí)效問(wèn)題所針對(duì)的社會(huì)模式是以轉(zhuǎn)型社會(huì)為背景,寫(xiě)作目的也是為正處于社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期的中國(guó)提供參考,所以筆者首先闡述的是社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的概念和轉(zhuǎn)型社會(huì)的社會(huì)特征。通過(guò)闡述社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型這一概念和轉(zhuǎn)型社會(huì)的社會(huì)特征進(jìn)而對(duì)其適用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行研究,明確其使用范圍。其次,結(jié)合對(duì)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型概念在中國(guó)的含義、運(yùn)用以及目前中國(guó)社會(huì)的總體特征的研究,論述現(xiàn)階段中國(guó)社會(huì)的社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型。再次,通過(guò)對(duì)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型這一社會(huì)學(xué)理論的詮釋,把社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期的法律實(shí)效與非轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期的法律實(shí)效進(jìn)行比較,進(jìn)一步闡明在這一特殊社會(huì)背景下法律實(shí)效的特殊性。 第二部分,結(jié)合前文所述轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期法律實(shí)效特殊性,通過(guò)分析法律以外的社會(huì)因素如：由于社會(huì)流動(dòng)性加快,社會(huì)分化嚴(yán)重,城鄉(xiāng)差距、東西部地區(qū)差距,轉(zhuǎn)型過(guò)快等等多個(gè)角度闡述法律實(shí)效特殊性出現(xiàn)的社會(huì)原因；同時(shí)對(duì)立法、執(zhí)法、司法等法律制定、運(yùn)行過(guò)程進(jìn)行全面研究,探究因法律本身因素導(dǎo)致的法律實(shí)效問(wèn)題。 第三部分,是本文的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)內(nèi)容,在前三部分的基礎(chǔ)上綜合分析當(dāng)前中國(guó)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期法律實(shí)效問(wèn)題并提出解決這一問(wèn)題的合理性建議。針對(duì)造成法律實(shí)效問(wèn)題的法律本身的原因和法律之外的原因,提出兩大層次的解決方式。一方面是制度層面的建設(shè),針對(duì)法律本身的原因如立法原因、執(zhí)法原因、司法原因等,重點(diǎn)針對(duì)對(duì)法律運(yùn)行諸環(huán)節(jié)的改進(jìn)；另一方面是法律信仰層面的建設(shè),針對(duì)如何提高民眾對(duì)法律的信仰,提出建設(shè)性意見(jiàn)。
[Abstract]:The effectiveness of law is one of the key and difficult theoretical problems in the study of jurisprudence, which focuses on the actual situation and effect of law enforcement. At present, China's legal system has been basically formed, but the legal effectiveness is not satisfactory. One of the important reasons is the lack of summary of legal practice and the lack of research on the issue of legal effectiveness, especially the lack of applying the viewpoint of sociology of law to the study of legal effectiveness under the major social background of social transformation. On the basis of inheriting the previous theoretical achievements, this paper summarizes the current situation of legal effectiveness, and comprehensively describes and analyzes the current situation of legal effectiveness and the underlying reasons behind these phenomena by using sociological research methods. Some constructive suggestions are put forward in this paper, and the ways to improve the actual effect of our law are discussed. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part expounds the situation of legal effectiveness in the period of social transformation in China. Firstly, it clarifies the particularity of the legal effectiveness in the period of social transformation and social transformation in China. Because the social model of the legal effectiveness in this paper is based on the transitional society, and the purpose of writing is to provide a reference for China in the period of social transformation. Therefore, the author first expounds the concept of social transformation and the social characteristics of the transitional society. By expounding the concept of social transformation and the social characteristics of the transitional society, this paper studies its applicable standards, and clarifies the scope of its use. Secondly, combining the meaning of the concept of social transformation in China, the use of the current Chinese society and the overall characteristics of the study, this paper discusses the current stage of social transformation in China. Thirdly, through the interpretation of the sociological theory of social transformation, the author compares the legal effectiveness in the period of social transformation with that in the non-transitional period, and further clarifies the particularity of the legal effectiveness in this special social background. The second part, considering the particularity of the law effect in the transition period mentioned above, through the analysis of the social factors other than the law, such as: the social mobility is accelerated, the social differentiation is serious, the gap between urban and rural areas, the gap between the east and the west, At the same time, the author makes a comprehensive study on the process of legislation, law enforcement, judicial making and operation, and probes into the problems of legal effectiveness caused by the factors of law itself. The third part is the key and difficult content of this paper. On the basis of the first three parts, the author synthetically analyzes the legal effectiveness in the period of social transformation in China and puts forward some reasonable suggestions to solve this problem. In view of the causes of the law itself and the reasons outside the law, two major ways to solve the problem are put forward. On the one hand, it is the construction of the system, aiming at the reasons of the law itself, such as the legislative reason, the law enforcement reason, the judicial reason, and so on. On the other hand, it focuses on the improvement of the operation of the law; on the other hand, it is the construction of the legal belief level. In view of how to improve the people's faith in the law, put forward constructive advice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D920.0

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王凱;基層政府應(yīng)對(duì)群體性事件問(wèn)題研究[D];山東師范大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：2289467