美國《農業(yè)信貸法》:法典述評與立法啟示
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-17 16:57
【摘要】：與中國農村金融"政策推進、行政主導"的改革模式相比,美國《農業(yè)信貸法》濃縮了100年來美國人應對"農村金融"這一世界難題的實踐理性、法律智慧與立法技術。作為美國農村金融發(fā)展的"頂層設計",美國《農業(yè)信貸法》以統(tǒng)一立法的聯(lián)邦法典模式,通過"立法擬制",創(chuàng)設農村金融機構,加強農村金融監(jiān)管,化解農村金融風險,穩(wěn)定農村金融市場,保護農民借款人權利,確立以調解為主的農村金融糾紛解決機制,最終將紛繁脆弱的農村金融關系調整成為符合立法目標要求的主體明確、運營高效、市場完備、監(jiān)管科學、執(zhí)法有力、司法有效的系統(tǒng)獨立的農村金融法律關系體系,堪稱"科學立法"的典范。深化我國農村金融體制改革,必須"站在巨人肩上",樹立法治意識,完善頂層設計,加快推進農村金融立法,貫徹"目的明確、程序科學","一以貫之、循序漸進","制度協(xié)調、形式理性"的科學立法總思路。
[Abstract]:Compared with the "policy promotion and administrative leading" reform mode of Chinese rural finance, the American Agricultural Credit Law condenses the practical reason, legal wisdom and legislative technology of American to deal with the world problem of "rural finance" in the past 100 years. As the "top-level design" for the development of rural finance in the United States, the Agricultural Credit Act of the United States establishes rural financial institutions, strengthens the supervision of rural finance, and defuses rural financial risks through the federal code model of unified legislation. To stabilize the rural financial market, to protect the rights of farmers' borrowers, to establish a resolution mechanism of rural financial disputes based on mediation, and finally to adjust the complex and fragile rural financial relations into the main body that meets the requirements of the legislative objectives, and to operate efficiently. A systematic and independent system of rural financial legal relationship with perfect market, scientific supervision, powerful law enforcement and effective judiciary can be regarded as the model of "scientific legislation". To deepen the reform of our country's rural financial system, we must "stand on the shoulders of the giant", set up the consciousness of ruling by law, perfect the top-level design, speed up the promotion of rural financial legislation, carry out "clear purpose, scientific procedure", "consistent, step by step", "system coordination," The general idea of scientific legislation of formal rationality.
【作者單位】： 西南政法大學中國金融法治研究中心;
【基金】：2014年度國家社科基金重點項目“農村金融制度創(chuàng)新研究”(14AZD034) 2014年度農業(yè)部委托全國人大項目“農村金融立法研究”(D201403) 2014年度中國市場經濟法治研究中心重大攻關項目(CMEL14ZD06) 首批“國家特支計劃”青年拔尖人才支持項目
【分類號】：D971.2;DD912.4
，
本文編號：2130305
[Abstract]:Compared with the "policy promotion and administrative leading" reform mode of Chinese rural finance, the American Agricultural Credit Law condenses the practical reason, legal wisdom and legislative technology of American to deal with the world problem of "rural finance" in the past 100 years. As the "top-level design" for the development of rural finance in the United States, the Agricultural Credit Act of the United States establishes rural financial institutions, strengthens the supervision of rural finance, and defuses rural financial risks through the federal code model of unified legislation. To stabilize the rural financial market, to protect the rights of farmers' borrowers, to establish a resolution mechanism of rural financial disputes based on mediation, and finally to adjust the complex and fragile rural financial relations into the main body that meets the requirements of the legislative objectives, and to operate efficiently. A systematic and independent system of rural financial legal relationship with perfect market, scientific supervision, powerful law enforcement and effective judiciary can be regarded as the model of "scientific legislation". To deepen the reform of our country's rural financial system, we must "stand on the shoulders of the giant", set up the consciousness of ruling by law, perfect the top-level design, speed up the promotion of rural financial legislation, carry out "clear purpose, scientific procedure", "consistent, step by step", "system coordination," The general idea of scientific legislation of formal rationality.
【作者單位】： 西南政法大學中國金融法治研究中心;
【基金】：2014年度國家社科基金重點項目“農村金融制度創(chuàng)新研究”(14AZD034) 2014年度農業(yè)部委托全國人大項目“農村金融立法研究”(D201403) 2014年度中國市場經濟法治研究中心重大攻關項目(CMEL14ZD06) 首批“國家特支計劃”青年拔尖人才支持項目
【分類號】：D971.2;DD912.4
，
本文編號：2130305
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