本文選題：法律 + 不確定性��； 參考：《山西大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：法律具有確定性,是西方法學界傳統(tǒng)的學術(shù)觀點。十九世紀末二十世紀初,西方法學界關(guān)于這一問題的立場發(fā)生變化,開始強調(diào)法律的不確定性。對法律是否具有確定性的探討在相當程度上影響著對法治及其功能的認識。我國社會主義法治建設(shè)取得了巨大成就,但法律的權(quán)威還沒有完全樹立,司法中的自由裁量權(quán)還未得到有效規(guī)制,研究和探討法律的不確定性問題更具有現(xiàn)實意義。本文通過以下四部分內(nèi)容對法律的不確定性進行探討和分析,指出法律的不確定性與立法技術(shù)之間的關(guān)系,提出通過完善立法技術(shù)提高法律確定性程度。 第一部分,對法律的不確定性的理論進行闡述,分析法律的不確定性的表現(xiàn)形式,提出法律的不確定性主要表現(xiàn)為法律規(guī)范的不確定性、司法過程的不確定性和其他社會因素導致的不確定性。分析法律的不確定性的語言學基礎(chǔ)、認識論基礎(chǔ)和辯證法基礎(chǔ),上述理論構(gòu)成法律不確定性的理論基礎(chǔ)。梳理關(guān)于法律的確定性與不確定性的理論爭議,對法律的不確定性的理論進行反思和評價,從守法者的視角重新界定法律的不確定性概念。 第二部分,分析法律的不確定性的立法原因。提出立法語言的模糊性、立法中對法律事實的不完全預見性和立法中法律條文之間的相互沖突是法律的不確定性的立法原因。 第三部分,論證立法技術(shù)對法律的不確定性的影響。通過立法技術(shù)的理論梳理對立法技術(shù)的概念有一個更清晰的認識。論證立法技術(shù)與法律的不確定性之間的關(guān)系,認為立法技術(shù)中立法的立法活動運籌技術(shù)、立法預測和立法規(guī)劃、立法法案的起草等不規(guī)范或不完善都會增加法律的不確定性。 第四部分,論證通過完善立法技術(shù)提高法律的確定性程度。通過加強立法活動運籌技術(shù)、加強立法預測和立法規(guī)劃工作,提高法律的確定性程度。通過組建理論功底扎實、有高超立法技術(shù)和立法能力、對立法目的有清晰了解和精確把握的法律草案起草團隊提高法律的確定性程度。通過加強法律語言特別是立法語言的規(guī)范化研究提高法律的確定性程度。通過建立規(guī)范合理的立法語言語料庫提高法律的確定性程度。通過在立法時規(guī)范法律條文的表述提高法律的確定性程度。 總之,本文通過對法律的不確定性理論的分析和研究,運用文獻分析和實證分析的方法指出法律的不確定性的立法原因。論證法律的不確定性與立法技術(shù)的關(guān)系,提出通過完善立法技術(shù)提高法律的確定性,使法律規(guī)范能夠更好地對我國司法實踐予以明確的規(guī)范和指引,有效約束司法中的肆意和專斷,推動法律權(quán)威的樹立,推動法治建設(shè)進程。
[Abstract]:In the late nineteenth Century and early twentieth Century, the position of the western jurisprudence has changed and began to emphasize the uncertainty of the law. The discussion on the certainty of the law affects the understanding of the rule of law and its function to a considerable extent. The construction of the rule of law has made great achievements, but the authority of the law has not been fully established. The discretion of the judiciary has not been effectively regulated. The study and discussion of the uncertainty of the law is of more practical significance. This paper discusses and analyzes the uncertainty of the law through the following four parts, and points out the uncertainty of the law and the uncertainty of the law. The relationship between legislative technology and legislation is proposed to improve the certainty of law by improving legislative technology.
In the first part, the theory of the uncertainty of the law is expounded, and the form of the uncertainty of the law is analyzed. The uncertainty of the law is mainly expressed as the uncertainty of the legal norms, the uncertainty of the judicial process and the uncertainty caused by other social factors. Basic and dialectic basis, the above theory constitutes the theoretical basis of legal uncertainty, combs the theoretical dispute about the certainty and uncertainty of the law, rethinks and evaluates the theory of the uncertainty of the law, and redefines the concept of the uncertainty of the law from the perspective of the law-abiding.
The second part analyzes the legislative causes of the uncertainty of the law. The ambiguity of the legislative language, the incompletely foreseeable nature of the legal facts in the legislation and the conflict between the legal provisions in the legislation are the legislative reasons for the uncertainty of the law.
The third part demonstrates the influence of legislative technology on the uncertainty of the law. By combing the theory of legislative technology, there is a clearer understanding of the concept of legislative technology. The relationship between legislative technology and the uncertainty of the law is demonstrated. It is considered that the legislative activities of legislative technology, legislative prediction and legislative planning, legislation, legislation, legislation, legislation, legislation, legislation, legislation, legislation, legislation, legislation, legislation, legislation, and legislation The drafting of bills and other irregularities or imperfections will increase the uncertainty of law.
The fourth part proves that through improving the legislative technology to improve the degree of certainty of the law, through strengthening the operational technology of legislative activities, strengthening the legislative prediction and legislative planning, improving the degree of certainty of the law. Through the establishment of a solid theoretical foundation, there are high legislative skills and legislative power, and have a clear understanding and precise grasp of the legislative purpose. The drafting team of the draft law improves the degree of certainty of the law. By strengthening the legal language, especially the legislative language, improving the degree of certainty of the law. Through the establishment of a standardized and reasonable corpus of legislative language, the degree of certainty is raised. Degree.
In a word, through the analysis and study of the uncertainty theory of the law, this paper uses the methods of literature analysis and empirical analysis to point out the legislative causes of the uncertainty of the law. It demonstrates the relationship between the uncertainty of the law and the legislative technology, and proposes to improve the certainty of the law by perfecting the legislative technology, so that the legal norms can be better to our country. Judicial practice should be clearly regulated and guided, effectively restrain arbitrary wanton and arbitrariness in the judiciary, promote the establishment of legal authority, and promote the process of rule of law.
【學位授予單位】：山西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D90

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