本文選題：法律翻譯 + 主位�。� 參考：《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：全球化的深入發(fā)展以及各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)文化交流的不斷增強(qiáng)，使法律語(yǔ)言及其翻譯研究成為當(dāng)今學(xué)術(shù)界的眾多焦點(diǎn)之一。作為專門用途文體，法律翻譯的首要原則是準(zhǔn)確性，無(wú)論遣詞造句還是布局謀篇，譯文都必須嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、縝密、莊重、權(quán)威。雖然目前對(duì)法律翻譯的研究為數(shù)不少，但是多集中在措辭句式以及語(yǔ)法構(gòu)造等方面，而從主位述位理論角度對(duì)文本的語(yǔ)篇組織方面關(guān)注不多，尚需實(shí)證研究。 作為一國(guó)的根本大法，憲法是其他一切法律條文的制定依據(jù)，無(wú)論從核心語(yǔ)詞、句式特點(diǎn)還是語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格、語(yǔ)篇謀劃，都更為直接地體現(xiàn)了法律語(yǔ)言的特點(diǎn)。因此，本文以中美兩國(guó)憲法文本為研究對(duì)象，采用主述位相關(guān)理論，從主位結(jié)構(gòu)以及主位推進(jìn)模式兩個(gè)方面，進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。 通過(guò)分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)以下憲法法律語(yǔ)言特征： （1）主位結(jié)構(gòu)方面，相同點(diǎn)包括：兩法律文本中單項(xiàng)主位出現(xiàn)頻率最高，而復(fù)相主位中，語(yǔ)篇主位較高，人際成分最低；英語(yǔ)在主位結(jié)構(gòu)方面與漢語(yǔ)都力求簡(jiǎn)潔、準(zhǔn)確。不同點(diǎn)包括：漢語(yǔ)法律文本中單項(xiàng)主位占絕大多數(shù)，其他類型出現(xiàn)很少；相較而言，美國(guó)憲法中主位結(jié)構(gòu)稍顯多元化。 （2）主位推進(jìn)模式方面，相同點(diǎn)包括：兩法律語(yǔ)篇均包含多種推進(jìn)模式，其中主要的四種推進(jìn)模式（延續(xù)型、平行型、集中型及交叉型）占絕大多數(shù)。不同點(diǎn)包括：英語(yǔ)文本中推進(jìn)模式類型較多，分布較多樣，漢語(yǔ)憲法文本中主位推進(jìn)模式分布相對(duì)集中，主位推進(jìn)模式變化較少。 對(duì)此，本論文認(rèn)為：在法律翻譯中，針對(duì)以上不同，譯者必須進(jìn)行妥善的處理，或加以保留，或加以修改，使譯文更好地符合譯入語(yǔ)的文體特征。 論文整體框架方面，第一章是緒論，介紹論文的研究背景、意義、目的、研究方法及寫作框架；第二章介紹法律語(yǔ)言及其研究現(xiàn)狀，揭示主述位相關(guān)理論的演變，著重關(guān)注主述位理論目前在法律翻譯中的研究與應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀；第三章詳細(xì)介紹主述位相關(guān)理論、主位結(jié)構(gòu)及主位推進(jìn)模式，并且對(duì)應(yīng)中美兩國(guó)憲法文本，進(jìn)行主位結(jié)構(gòu)與主位推進(jìn)模式的認(rèn)定；第四章，結(jié)合已有研究，運(yùn)用主述位理論對(duì)比分析兩國(guó)憲法，，得出語(yǔ)篇的相關(guān)語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)。然后提出對(duì)原法律文本的主述位特征采用或保留、或修改的方法，提高翻譯質(zhì)量；第五章進(jìn)行總結(jié)，認(rèn)為關(guān)注原文和目標(biāo)文本的主述位特征會(huì)對(duì)法律英語(yǔ)翻譯有很好的指導(dǎo)作用，以期對(duì)相關(guān)法律翻譯提供一定的參考。
[Abstract]:With the development of globalization and the increasing of economic and cultural exchanges, the study of legal language and its translation has become one of the focuses in academic circles. As a specialized style, the primary principle of legal translation is accuracy. Although there are a lot of researches on legal translation at present, they mainly focus on phrasing and grammatical construction, but not on the textual organization of the text from the perspective of thematic and rheme theory. As the fundamental law of a country, constitution is the basis for the formulation of all other legal provisions. It reflects the characteristics of legal language more directly from the core words, sentence style, language style and discourse planning. Therefore, this paper takes the constitutional texts of China and the United States as the research object, adopts the theory of thematic and thematic correlation, and makes a comparative analysis from two aspects: thematic structure and thematic progression model. The following features of constitutional legal language are found: (1) in terms of thematic structure, the similarities include: in the two legal texts, the frequency of single theme is the highest, while in the complex theme, the discourse theme is higher and the interpersonal component is the lowest; Both English and Chinese try to be concise and accurate in terms of thematic structure. The differences include: in Chinese legal texts, the single theme accounts for the vast majority, and there are few other types; in contrast, the thematic structure in the Constitution of the United States is slightly pluralistic. The similarities include: the two legal texts contain a variety of advancing models, of which the four main types (continuation, parallelism, centralization and crossover) account for most of them. The differences are as follows: there are many types of advancing patterns in English texts, and the distribution of thematic progression patterns in Chinese constitutional texts is relatively concentrated, while the thematic progression patterns change less. Therefore, this thesis holds that: in legal translation, thematic progression patterns are relatively concentrated. In view of the above differences, the translator must properly deal with, retain or modify the translation to better conform to the stylistic features of the target language. Chapter one is an introduction to the overall framework of the thesis, which introduces the background and significance of the study. Chapter two introduces the current situation of legal language and its research, reveals the evolution of Theme-Rheme Theory, and focuses on the current research and application of Theme-Rheme Theory in legal translation. The third chapter introduces the related theories of theme and rheme, thematic structure and thematic progression model in detail, and confirms the thematic structure and thematic progression model according to the constitutional texts of China and the United States. A comparative analysis of the constitutions of the two countries is made by using the thematic theory, and the linguistic characteristics of the texts are obtained. Then, the author puts forward a method to improve the quality of translation by adopting or modifying the thematic and thematic features of the original legal text. Chapter five sums up the subject and rheme characteristics of the original legal text. It is suggested that paying attention to the thematic features of the source text and the target text will provide a good guide for legal English translation, and provide some reference for the legal translation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D90-055;H315.9

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