本文選題：清代　切入點：法律公布　出處：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：法律能夠公開、及時、通暢地公布,是法律得以貫徹實施的前提。了解清代的法律公布制度,可以了解清代的法律在多大程度上為官吏和民眾所知曉,從而了解法律被遵守的這一前提是否完備。本文考查了清代會典、刑律、條例、則例和通行這幾種法律形式的公布方式,指出了這些法律形式公布制度各自的特色以及存在的問題。在介紹法律形式的過程中,筆者注意到了清代法律公布制度與書吏舞弊問題之間的關(guān)系,進而提出,清代的書吏舞弊問題并不像清人所認為的那樣,主要由例案的繁多導(dǎo)致,而是因為法律公布制度存在的缺陷所致,即最主要的法律形式“通行”不夠公開。 本文共分為四章。第一章介紹了清代制定法對于官員了解法律的制度性要求,以及激勵民眾了解法律的方法和向民眾普法的方式。該章的目的在于向讀者揭示,清代理想圖景中官員和民眾對法律的理解程度是怎樣的,于是可以借此評價之后提到的實際的法律公布情況。 第二章介紹了清代會典、律例(條例)和則例的公布制度。典、律、例這三種法律形式都需要編纂,傳統(tǒng)上也都被認為是清代主要的法律形式。筆者介紹了這幾種法律形式各自的功用,以及編纂和刊刻制度對它們公布的限制。 第三章介紹了清代“通行”的公布制度�！巴ㄐ小痹趥鹘y(tǒng)研究并不與上述幾種法律形式并列。不過,“通行”在清代確實是可以被援引的法律形式。筆者在該章中介紹了它的功用和性質(zhì),并且認為它是清代最活躍的法律形式。但是由于“通行”的非公開性,使得它成了貫穿清代的書吏舞弊問題之主因。筆者在該章中揭示了清代法律公布制度相比近代西方國家所缺乏的特質(zhì)——公開性。 第四章介紹了清代法律公布制度在列強影響下和預(yù)備立憲時期的兩次革新。這兩次革新標(biāo)志了清政府在法律公布制度方面,尤其是公開性上,向近代西方國家靠攏的趨勢。
[Abstract]:The law can be made public, timely and unobstructed, which is the prerequisite for the implementation of the law.To understand the system of legal publication in Qing Dynasty, we can know to what extent the laws of Qing Dynasty were known by officials and the public, so as to know whether the premise that the law was observed was complete.This paper examines the publishing methods of the Qing Dynasty convention, criminal law, regulations, rules and regulations, and points out the respective characteristics and existing problems of these legal forms.In the course of introducing the legal form, the author noticed the relationship between the legal publication system in Qing Dynasty and the fraud problem of the scribes, and then put forward that the fraud of the scribes in the Qing Dynasty was not mainly caused by the numerous cases, as the Qing people thought.But because of the defects of the legal publication system, that is, the most important form of law, "pass" is not open.This paper is divided into four chapters.The first chapter introduces the system requirement of making law in Qing Dynasty to the officials, and the method of encouraging people to understand the law and the way of popularizing the law.The purpose of this chapter is to reveal to readers how well the officials and the public understand the law in the ideal picture of the Qing Dynasty, so that it can be used to evaluate the actual publication of the law.The second chapter introduces the publishing system of Qing Dynasty convention, statutes (regulations) and rules of law.These three forms of law need to be codified and are traditionally regarded as the main forms of law in the Qing Dynasty.The author introduces the respective functions of these legal forms, as well as the limitations of the compilation and publishing system on their publication.The third chapter introduces the publishing system of "pass" in Qing Dynasty."pass" in the traditional study is not parallel with the above several forms of law.However, passageway was indeed a legal form that could be invoked in the Qing Dynasty.In this chapter, the author introduces its function and nature, and considers it to be the most active legal form in Qing Dynasty.However, due to the non-publicity of "pass", it became the main cause of the fraud of scribes throughout the Qing Dynasty.In this chapter, the author reveals that the Qing Dynasty law publication system is lack of openness compared with modern western countries.The fourth chapter introduces the two innovations of the Qing Dynasty law publication system under the influence of the great powers and the preparatory constitutional period.These two innovations marked the trend of the Qing government towards the western countries in the aspect of law publication system, especially openness.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D929;D926

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