我國藏族民事習(xí)慣法研究
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 習(xí)慣法 民族地區(qū) 藏族民事習(xí)慣法 出處:《重慶大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
【摘要】:居住在雪域高原的藏民族,因其所處的地理位置、生存環(huán)境、生產(chǎn)生活方式、宗教信仰以及風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣,使得藏族民事習(xí)慣法“獨具特色”。藏族民事習(xí)慣法是藏區(qū)各村落內(nèi)部成員所認(rèn)可并信守的,由人們在千百年來不斷生產(chǎn)、生活實踐中逐漸積淀形成的調(diào)整該地區(qū)人身關(guān)系與財產(chǎn)關(guān)系的一種社會規(guī)范。其作為藏區(qū)行為規(guī)范的重要依據(jù),對維系藏族地區(qū)的政治經(jīng)濟和生活秩序起著不可替代的作用。即使在當(dāng)今,不論從藏區(qū)的文化環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟狀況、倫理道德以及法律資源供給等方面來看,藏族民事習(xí)慣法仍有存在之依托,仍然對藏區(qū)社會發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。但不可否認(rèn)的是,藏族民事習(xí)慣法中許多內(nèi)容是封建農(nóng)奴制社會的產(chǎn)物,具有濃厚的階級性和等級特權(quán)色彩。藏族民事習(xí)慣法這種良莠并存的現(xiàn)狀,使得其與國家法之間產(chǎn)生一系列相互碰撞、相互對峙的現(xiàn)象。由此,我國在法治現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)過程中,如何調(diào)適藏族民事習(xí)慣法與國家制定法之間的關(guān)系,實現(xiàn)各種法律淵源之間的統(tǒng)一性成為頗費思量的一個問題。也就是說如何既滿足國家對法制統(tǒng)一性的要求,,又保有合理的藏民族傳統(tǒng)法律文化的獨一性與繼承性,或者說如何把已扎根于藏族同胞內(nèi)心的藏族民事習(xí)慣法有效地為我所用,把其中的善良風(fēng)俗部分與國家法在藏區(qū)的貫徹實施巧妙地結(jié)合起來,形成適合本民族以及本國國情的現(xiàn)代化法制體系成為目前亟待解決的一大問題。 筆者通過搜集資料、實地調(diào)研等方式,并對相關(guān)材料予以整理分析,旨在通過對藏族民事習(xí)慣法的研究,分析當(dāng)?shù)孛袷铝?xí)慣法與國家法之間的沖突與兼容基礎(chǔ)上,對在我國法治建設(shè)過程中,如何處理藏族民事習(xí)慣法與國家法的關(guān)系,實現(xiàn)二者的良性互動,從而促進(jìn)藏區(qū)的法制現(xiàn)代化以及實現(xiàn)我國的法制統(tǒng)一提出了建議。本論文分別從以下六個方面進(jìn)行了論述。第一章為緒論,主要從本文的研究背景、研究意義和研究現(xiàn)狀綜述方面進(jìn)行了評述。第二章將藏族民事習(xí)慣法放于一個較為廣闊的背景中進(jìn)行論述,從最基本的理論開始,對容易混淆的習(xí)慣與習(xí)慣法二者進(jìn)行辨析,進(jìn)而界定藏族民事習(xí)慣法的概念,以及闡述各類因素對藏族民事習(xí)慣法形成產(chǎn)生的影響,然后對藏族民事習(xí)慣法的特征進(jìn)行了分析與總結(jié)。第三章進(jìn)一步對我國藏族民事習(xí)慣法的表現(xiàn)形式及其功能進(jìn)行了論述。第四章重點對藏族民事習(xí)慣法的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了介紹,主要從實體方面和程序方面分別進(jìn)行了闡述。第五章是從國家法的角度入手,具體分析藏族民事習(xí)慣法與國家法相互沖突與融合的內(nèi)容,為正確處理二者之間的關(guān)系提供理論分析依據(jù)。第六章筆者從實證的角度入手,根據(jù)藏族民事習(xí)慣法內(nèi)容的不同作用以及現(xiàn)實影響對其進(jìn)行科學(xué)處理,并對改善我國藏區(qū)法制環(huán)境提出自己的幾點拙見。
[Abstract]:The Tibetan people living on the snowy plateau because of their geographical location, living environment, production and life style, religious beliefs and customs. It makes the Tibetan civil customary law "unique". The Tibetan civil customary law is recognized and adhered to by the members of various villages in the Tibetan area, and has been continuously produced by people for thousands of years. Gradually accumulated in life practice to adjust the relationship between personal and property in the area of a social norm, as an important basis for behavior norms in Tibetan areas. It plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining the political economy and order of life in the Tibetan region. Even now, whether from the cultural environment, economic situation, ethics and the supply of legal resources in the Tibetan region. Tibetan civil customary law still exists and still plays a vital role in Tibetan society. But it is undeniable that many contents of Tibetan civil customary law are the product of feudal serfdom society. It has a strong color of class and hierarchical privilege. The coexistence of good and bad in Tibetan civil customary law makes it a series of phenomena of collision and confrontation with national law. How to adjust the relationship between the Tibetan civil customary law and the state-made law in the process of the modernization of the rule of law in China. To realize the unity of various sources of law has become a question of considerable consideration. That is to say, how to meet the requirements of the state on the unity of legal system. It also maintains a reasonable uniqueness and inheritance of the traditional legal culture of the Tibetan nationality, or how to effectively use the Tibetan civil customary law, which has taken root in the heart of the Tibetan compatriots. It is an urgent problem to combine the good custom part of it with the implementation of national law in Tibetan area, and to form a modern legal system suitable for our own nation and our own national conditions. The author through the collection of information, field research and other ways, and the relevant materials to be collated and analyzed, the purpose of the Tibetan civil customary law through the study. Based on the analysis of the conflict and compatibility between the local civil customary law and the national law, this paper discusses how to deal with the relationship between the Tibetan civil customary law and the national law in the process of building the rule of law in our country, and realizes the positive interaction between the two. In order to promote the modernization of the legal system in Tibetan areas and achieve the unity of the legal system in China, some suggestions are put forward. This paper discusses from the following six aspects. The first chapter is the introduction, mainly from the research background of this paper. The second chapter discusses the Tibetan civil customary law in a broad background, starting with the most basic theory. This paper discriminates and analyzes the easily confused custom and customary law, then defines the concept of Tibetan civil customary law, and expounds the influence of various factors on the formation of Tibetan civil customary law. Then the characteristics of Tibetan civil customary law are analyzed and summarized. The third chapter further discusses the manifestation and function of Tibetan civil customary law. Chapter 4th focuses on the content of Tibetan civil customary law. Okay, introduction. Mainly from the substantive and procedural aspects of the elaboration. Chapter 5th is from the point of view of national law, the specific analysis of the Tibetan civil customary law and national law conflict and integration of the content. In order to correctly deal with the relationship between the two to provide theoretical analysis basis. 6th chapter from the perspective of empirical analysis, according to the different roles of the content of Tibetan civil customary law and the actual impact of scientific treatment. And to improve our country Tibetan area legal system environment puts forward own several points clumsily.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:D920.4
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