發(fā)布時間：2018-01-19 04:03

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 奏讞書 漢代司法 事實認(rèn)定 法律適用 法律思想　出處：《云南大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：漢代是中國歷史中承前啟后的重要時期,它結(jié)束了春秋諸侯割據(jù)、戰(zhàn)亂紛爭的時代,開創(chuàng)了大一統(tǒng)的中原帝國,完成了中國歷史上的一次民族大融合。這一時期也是中華法系的形成階段。因此,秦漢法制歷來是我國學(xué)者研究的重要領(lǐng)域。 《奏讞書》作為漢初的司法文書,從出土的墓主身份地位來看,《奏讞書》是漢代司法活動的直接記錄,應(yīng)該能反應(yīng)漢初法律的一般狀況,從1983年出土以后,改變了研究漢代法律只能通過官方史料而沒有專業(yè)司法文獻的局面,從而成為研究漢初法律最重要的文獻之一。從《奏讞書》中不但能看到規(guī)范的司法程序,還能體現(xiàn)出漢代法律的重要思想。 《奏讞書》的案例是案件初級審判者的第一手記述,并未經(jīng)過轉(zhuǎn)述和加工,可以說有相當(dāng)?shù)目陀^性。案件文法表達(dá)簡練,卻又完整的記錄了案件的審判過程,其中法律術(shù)語規(guī)范,司法程序嚴(yán)格。既有案情介紹、當(dāng)事人陳述、證據(jù)列舉,也有案件審判的闡述以及法律援引。以現(xiàn)代法制的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來衡量,其程序也可謂齊備。透過《奏讞書》能對漢初法制有全面的了解,進而剖析中華法系的形成初期的基本狀況,有助于系統(tǒng)認(rèn)識中國傳統(tǒng)法律的形成和發(fā)展。在現(xiàn)代化法治社會的發(fā)展中,應(yīng)該重視傳統(tǒng)法律的內(nèi)涵與價值,以減少法律在具體實施中的障礙,并樹立正確的法律價值導(dǎo)向,從而引導(dǎo)法律精神的文化,以完善我國法制。 本文以《奏讞書》為對象,分成五個部分分析漢朝初期的司法狀況。第一部分是對《奏讞書》的介紹,首先界定《奏讞書》是什么性質(zhì)的法律文獻,與當(dāng)時的其他史料記載是否相符,其研究價值如何；其次,解釋其內(nèi)容和分類；再次,細(xì)述其在具體制度中的運作,也即奏讞制度是如何操作的；最后,分析奏讞文書的格式。第二部分,概述漢代司法程序主要包括那些具體步驟,對比《奏讞書》和其他史料的記載來闡述。第三部分是對《奏讞書》中的法律問題的具體分析,并以其為對象探究漢代司法官吏對案件事實是如何認(rèn)定的,又是如何適用法律的。第四部分是總結(jié)《奏讞書》中所反映出的法律思想及其對現(xiàn)代司法的意義。
[Abstract]:Han Dynasty is an important period in Chinese history, it ended the Spring and Autumn Monarchs separation, the era of war and strife, created a unified empire of the Central Plains. This period is also the formative stage of the Chinese legal system. Therefore, the legal system of the Qin and Han dynasties has always been an important research field of Chinese scholars. As a judicial document in the early Han Dynasty, the "Zou Zou Shu" is a direct record of the judicial activities of the Han Dynasty and should reflect the general situation of the law in the early Han Dynasty from the perspective of the status of the tomb owner unearthed from the point of view of the status of the tomb owner. Since 1983 unearthed, it changed the situation that the study of Han Dynasty law can only pass through the official historical data, but there is no professional judicial documents. Thus it became one of the most important documents to study the law of the early Han Dynasty. The case is the first-hand account of the primary judge of the case, which has not been reported and processed, and can be said to have considerable objectivity. The case grammar expresses succinctly, but the trial process of the case is recorded completely. Among them, the legal terminology is standard, the judicial procedure is strict. Not only the case introduction, the party statement, the evidence enumeration, but also the case trial elaboration as well as the law invokes, according to the modern legal system standard. It can be said that the procedure is complete. Through the book of Zou Zou can have a comprehensive understanding of the legal system in the early Han Dynasty, and then analyze the basic conditions of the formation of the Chinese legal system at the beginning of its formation. It is helpful to understand the formation and development of Chinese traditional law systematically. In the development of modern society ruled by law, we should pay attention to the connotation and value of traditional law, so as to reduce the obstacles in the implementation of the law. And set up the correct legal value guidance, thus guide the culture of the legal spirit, in order to perfect our country's legal system. This article is divided into five parts to analyze the judicial situation in the early Han Dynasty. The first part is an introduction to the book of the canon, first of all, it defines the nature of the legal literature. Whether or not it is consistent with other historical records at that time and what its research value is; Secondly, explain its content and classification; Thirdly, it describes in detail its operation in the specific system, that is, how the system is operated; Finally, the paper analyzes the format of the instruments. The second part, summarizes the Han Dynasty judicial procedures mainly include those specific steps. The third part is the specific analysis of the legal issues in the book of the verdict, and explores how the judicial officials of the Han Dynasty identified the facts of the case. The 4th part is a summary of the legal thought reflected in the book of sentencing and its significance to modern justice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D929

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